HomeMy WebLinkAboutCouncil Actions 03-13-95WYATT
32394
REGULAR WEEKLY SESSION
ROANOKE CITY CO UNCIL
March 13, 1995
3:00p. m.
,4 GEND,4 FOR THE COUNCIL
Call to Order -- Roll Call. Ali Present
The Invocation was delivered by The Reverend Donald E. Eshelmon,
Pastor, Patterson Memorial Grace Brethren Church.
The Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America
was led by Mayor David A. Bowers.
Welcome. Mayor Bowers.
ANNOUNCEMENTS:
The regular meeting of the Greater Roanoke Transit Company Board of
Directors has been cancelled.
The City Council will consider the matter of a modified ward system at
the 7:00 p.m. session.
The Members of the Roanoke City Council would like to recognize and
congratulate the Honorable W. Alvin Hudson, Sheriff, in connection with
receipt of 100% "unconditional certification" of the Roanoke City Jarl by the
Board of Corrections ofthe Commonwealth of Virginia. Mayor Bowers.
File #80-121-123
Proclamation declaring March 1995 as Arc Roanoke, Inc. Month. Mayor
Bowers.
File #3-80-167-353
Presentation of a video with regard to the City of Florian6pohs, Santa
Catarina, Brazil; and a resolution expressing the intent of the City of Roanoke
to enter into a new Sister City relationship with the City of Florian6polis.
Mayor Bowers.
Adopted Resolution No. 32394-031395. (7-0)
File 0327
CONSENT AGENDA
C-1
(APPROVED 7-0)
ALL MATTERS LISTED UNDER THE CONSENT AGENDA ARE
CONSIDERED TO BE ROUTINE BY THE MEMBERS OF CITY
COUNCIL AND WILL BE ENACTED BY ONE MOTION.
THERE WILL BE NO SEPARATE DISCUSSION OF THE
ITEMS. IF DISCUSSION IS DESIRED, THE ITEM WILL BE
REMOVED FROM THE CONSENT AGENDA AND
CONSIDERED SEPARATELY.
Minutes of the regular meetings of Council held on Monday,
November 14, 1994, and Monday, November 28, 1994.
RECOMMENDED ACTION: Dispense with the reading thereof and approve
as recorded.
2
C-2
C-3
C-4
C-5
A communication from Mayor David A. Bowers requesting an Executive
Session to discuss vacancies on various author/ties, boards, comm/ssions and
committees appointed by Council, pursuant to Section 2.1-344 (A)(1), Code of
V/rginia (1950), as amended.
RECOMMENDED ACTION:
File #15-110-132
Concur in request for Council to convene in
Executive Session to discuss vacancies on
various authorities, boards, commissions and
committees appointed by Council, pursuant to
Section 2.1-344 (A)(1), Code of Virginia
(1950), as amended.
A communication from Mayor David A. Bowers with regard to initiating
uniform valley-wide schoolteachers' salaries in Roanoke City and Roanoke
County.
RECOMMENDED ACTION:
WITHDRAWN.
File #60-467
Refer to joint City Council/School Board
budget meeting in May, 1995.
A communication from Mayor David A. Bowers with regard to
significant cuts proposed in the Federal budget which could negatively and
directly impact programs in the City of Roanoke.
RECOMMENDED ACTION: Receive and file.
File #16-60-72-79-137-178-236-246-304.340
Qualification of Carolyn Word as a member of the Youth Services
Citizen Board for a term ending May 31, 1996.
RECOMMENDED ACTION: Receive and file.
File #15-110-304
REGULAR AGENDA
e
HEARING OF CITIZENS UPON PUBLIC MATTERS:
a. OTHER HEARING OF CITIZENS: None.
PETITIONS AND COMMUNICATIONS:
A communication fi.om Mayor David A. Bowers recommending an
extension of the deadl/ne for receipt of School Board applications until
Friday, March 24, 1995.
An ordinance extending the deadline was defeated by a 5-2 vote of
Council, Council Members Wyatt, Bowles, Edwards, McCadden and
White voted no.
File #467
A reception for School Board applicants will be held on Monday,
March 27, 1995, at 5:15 p.m., in the Lobby of the Municipal
Building.
5. REPORTS OF OFFICERS:
a. CITY MANAGER:
None.
ITEMS RECOMMENDED FOR ACTION:
A report recommending concurrence in the continued study of
certain alternative service dehvery methods for the Roanoke City
Nursing Home.
Adopted Budget Ordinance No. 32395-031395. (7-0)
File #44-60-72-270
4
A report recommending execution of Amendment No. 2 to the
Community Development Block Grant contract for services with
the Roanoke Redevelopment and Housing Authority; and transfer
of funds in connection therewith.
Adopted Budget Ordinance No. 32396-031395 and Resolution
No. 32397-031395. (7-0)
File #60-178-200-236
A report recommending issuance of Change Order No. 4, in the
amount of $169,074.65, to the City's contract with Laramore
Construction Co., Inc., in connection with Carvins Cove Filter
Plant Improvements - Phase II, Contract A-2; and transfer of
funds in connection therewith.
Adopted Budget Ordinance No. 32398-031395 and Ordinance
No. 32399-031395. (7-0)
File #20-60-77-468-514
A report recommending issuance of Change Order No. 2, in the
credit mount of $261,255.79, to the City's contract with Aaron J.
Conner General Contractor, Inc., in connection with Carvins Cove
Filter Plant Improvements - Phase II, Contract B-2.
Adopted Ordinance No. 32400-031395. (7-0)
File #468-514
A report recommending transfer of $45,850.00 to cover
expenditures for snow emergency operations in January and
February, 1995.
Adopted Budget Ordinance No. 32401-031395. (7-0)
File #60-183-410
A report recommending appropriation of funds fi.om the Capital
Ma/ntenance and Equipment Replacement Program to provide for
purchase of identified items and projects for various City
departments.
Adopted Budget Ordinance No. 32402-031395. (7-0)
File #60-67-70-262-270-323-382
6. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES: None.
7. UNFINISHED BUSINESS: None.
INTRODUCTION AND CONSIDERATION
ORDINANCES AND RESOLUTIONS: None.
OF
9. MOTIONS AND MISCELLANEOUS BUSINESS:
Inquiries and/or comments by the Mayor and Members of City Council.
Council Member McCadden presented communications from third
grade students in Ms. Mercedes James' class at Fairview Elementary
School. The City Attorney was requested to respond to a question
raised by students as to why persons are permitted to smoke in
restaurants. The City Clerk was requested to acknowledge receipt
of the communications.
File #467
The City Clerk was instructed to place an item on the City Council
agenda of Monday, March 27, 1995, at 3:00 p.m., with regard to
consideration of expansion of the Mill Mountain Development
Committee.
File #15-67-110
6
b. Vacancies on various authorities, boards, commissions and committees
appointed by Council
10. OTHER HEARINGS OF CITIZENS: None.
CERTIFICATION OF EXECUTIVE SESSION. (7-0)
Reappointed Brenda A. Powell and Daniel E. Karnes as members of the Fair
Housing Board.
File #15-110-178
Appointed the following persons:
Willard N. Claytor
File #15-110-237
Flood Plain Committee
Bittle W. Porterfield, III
File #15-110-253
Roanoke Valley Resource Authority
Janie P. Wheeler
File #15-110-230
Roanoke Arts Commission
Roy E. Bucher, Jr.
File #15-110-192
Roanoke Civic Center Commission
William H. Cleaveland
File #15-110-242
Waived City residency requirement
Court Community Corrections Program
Policy Board
7
REGULAR WEEKLY SESSION
ROANOKE CITY CO UNCIL
March 13, 1995
7:00 p. rrr
.4 GEND.4 FOR THE COUNCIL
Call to Order -- Roll Call. All Present.
The Invocation was delivered by Mayor David A. Bowers.
The Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America
was led by Mayor Bowers.
Welcome. Mayor Bowers.
PUBLIC HEARINGS: None.
CONTINUATION OF MOTIONS AND MISCELLANEOUS BUSINESS:
Inquiries and/or comments by the Mayor and Members of City Council:
Consideration of a matter with regard to election of
City Council Members under a modified election
district system. Council Member Wyatt.
A motion that Council endorse a referendum in connection with the
November 7, 1995, general election as to the issue of election of City
Council Members under a modified election district system; that the
City Attorney and the City Manager be requested to present
alternatives for a modified election district system including, but
not limited to: (1) a seven-member Council with four and five
election districts, and (2) a nine-member Council with four, five and
six election districts; that the City Manager be requested to provide
planning, demographic and statistical support required to divide the
City into four, five and six election districts without dilution of
minority voting strength, honoring the principle of one person, one
vote, and observing other required legal principles; that the City
Attorney be requested to advise as to applicable legal principles and
legal ramifications of each alternative; and that the City Manager
and the City Attorney make such progress reports to Council as they
deem appropriate and render their final report as to alternatives by
June 12, 1995, in order that Council may obtain citizen comment
and select the Council's preferred alternative by July 31, 1995, was
~ by a 5-2 vote of the Council, Council Members Bowies,
McCadden, Parrott, White and Mayor Bowers voted no.
File #40-132
OTHER HEARINGS OF CITIZENS: None.
City (~l~ri~m
City of Roanoke, Virginia
M~ch 17, 1995
W. Robert Herbert
City Manager
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mr. Herbert:
I ~un attaching copy of the following measures that pertcfin to your department:
Resolution No. 32394-031395
Budget Ordinance No. 32395-031395
Budget Ordinance No. 32396-031395
Resolution No. 32397-031395
Budget Ordinance No. 32398-031395
Ordinance No. 32399-031395
Ordinance No. 32400-031395
Budget Ordinance No. 32401-031395
Budget Ordinance No. 32402-031395
The abovereferenced measures were adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at
a regular meeting held on Monday, March 13, 1995.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely, ~'~
Mary F.~Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MPP:sm
City CIEBPk~B
City Of Ro.noIuJ, VIPglnlm
March 17, 1995
James D. Grisso
Director of Finance
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mr. Gr-isso:
I am attaching copy of the fol]owlng measures that pertain to your department:
Budget Ordinance No. 32395-031395
Budget Ordinance No. 32396-031395
Resolution No. 32397-031395
Budget Ordinance No. 32398-031395
Ordinance No. 32399-031395
Ordinance No. 32400-031395
Budget Ordinance No. 32401-031395
Budget Ordinance No. 32402-031395
The abovereferenced measures were adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at
a regular meeting held on Mondoy, March 13, 1995.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely,
Mary F. Parker, CMC/~
City Clerk
MFP:sm
City Olerk~m Offlo~
City of Rollnoke, 1/Irglnl~m
March 17, i995
Wilburn C. Dibling, Jr.
City Attorney
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mr. Dibling:
I ~u~ attaching copy of the following measures that pertain to your department:
Resolution No. 32394-031395
Resolution No. 32397-031395
Ordinance No. 32399-031395
Ordinance No. 32400-031395
The abovereferenced measures were adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at
a regular meeting held on Monday, March 13, 1995.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely,
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
Olty ClerK.~ Offloe
City of Rosnoke, Vlrglnl~l
March 17, 1995
Diane S. Akers
Budget Administrator
Office of Management and Budget
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Ms. Akers:
I am attaching copy of the following measures that pertoln to your department:
Budget Ordinance No. 32395-031395
Budget Ordinance No. 32396-031395
Resolution No. 32397-031395
Budget Ordinance No. 32398-031395
Ordinance No. 32399-031395
Ordinance No. 32400-031395
Budget Ordinance No. 32401-031395
Budget Ordinance No. 32402-031395
The abovereferenced measures were adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at
a regular meeting held on Monday, March 13, 1995.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely,
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MF'P:sm
~lty ~l~rk~ Offlo~
City of Roanoke, V~r~lnl~
March 17, 1995
George C. Snead, Jr., Director
Public Scffety
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mr. Snead:
I am attacking copy of the following measure that pertc~ns to your directorate:
Budget Ordinance No. 32402-031395
The abovereferenced measure was adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at a
regular meeting held on Mondc~/, M~ch 13, 1995.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely,
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MFP:sm
Eric.
City Olerk~e Offloe
Olty of Floenoke, V~rglnle
March 17, 1995
Glenn D. Radcliffe, Director
Humcm Development
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mr. Radcliffe:
I am attaching copy of the following measures that pertain to your directorate:
Budget Ordinance No. 32395-031395
Budget Ordinance No. 32402-031395
The abovereferenced measures were adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at
a regular meeting held on Monday, March 13, 1995.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely, p~,~
MW F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MFP:sm
Enc.
C~lty C~lerk'~ Offloe
OItv (~ Roeenoke. Vll-glnlm
March 17, 1995
Robert F. Hyatt, Manager
City Nursing Home
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mr. Hyatt:
I ~u~ attaching copy of the following measure that pertains to your department:
Budget Ordinance No. 32395-031395
The abovereferenced measure was adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at a
regular meeting held on Monday, March 13, 1995.
If you hc~ve questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely,
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
City Clarke Offlo~
City of Roanoka, Virginia
March 17, 1995
Billy W. Southall
Acting Fire Chief
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mr. Southall:
I am attaching copy of the following measure that pertcfins to your department:
Budget Ordinance No. 32402-031395
The abovereferenced measure was adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at a
regular meeting held on Monday, March 13, 1995.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely,
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MFP:sm
Eric.
Olty Clerl~a, Offloe
City of FlomnoKe, Virginia
March 17, 1995
M. Emily Keyser
Acting City J2brarian
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Ms. Keyser:
I am attaching copy of the following measure that pertains to your department:
Budget Ordinance No. 32402-031395
The abovereferenced measure was adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at a
regular meeting held on Monday, March 13, 1995.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely,
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
Ml:'P:sm
Enc.
OIty OlerlCm Offloe
Olty of Roanoke, Vlrglnlel
March 17, 1995
William F. Clark, Director
Public Works
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mr. Clark:
I am attaching copy of the following measures that pertain to your directorate:
Budget Ordinance No. 32396-031395
Resolution No. 32397-031395
Budget Ordingnce No. 32398-031395
Ordinance No. 32399-031395
Ordinance No. 32400-031395
Budget Ordinance No. 32401-031395
Budget Ordinance No. 32402-031395
The abovereferenced measures were adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at
a regular meeting held on Mondcrff, March 13, 1995.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely,
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MFP:sm
City Clerl~e Offloe
city of R~llnoke, Vlrglnlll
March 17, 1995
William L Smart, Manager
Streets and Tr~fic
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mr. Stuart:
I am attaching copy of the following measure that pertcfins to your department:
Budget Ordinance No. 32401-031395
The abovereferenced measure was adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at a
regular meeting held on Monday, March 13, 1995.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely,
Mca'y F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MFP:sm
Olty Olerk~e Offloe
Olty of Roenoke. Vlrglnl~
March 17, 1995
Charles M. Huffine
City Engineer
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mr. Huffine:
Iarn attaching copy of the following measures that pertc~in to your department:
Budget Ordlncmce No. 32398-031395
Ordinance No. 32399,031395
Ordinance No. 32400-031395
The abovereferenced measures were adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at
a regular meeting held on Monday, March 13, 1995.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely, ~,'~
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MFP:sm
City ClerlL~ Offlo~
City of Roanoke, Vlrglnl~
March 17, 1995
Ellen $. Evans
Construction Cost Clerk
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Ms. Evans:
I am attaching copy of the following measures that pertain to the Engineering
Department:
Budget Ordinance No. 32398-031395
Ordinance No. 32399-031395
Ordinance No. 32400-031395
The abovereferenced measures were adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at
a regular meeting held on Monday, March 13, 1995.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely,
Mary F. ?arker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MFP:sm
Olty OlePl('l Offloe
O~ d I:loelnoke, Vl~llnle
March I7, 1995
Kit B. Kiser, Director
Utilities crud Operations
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mr. Kiser:
! ~u** attaching copy of the following measures that pertain to your directorate:
Budget Ordinance No. 32398-031395
Ordinance No. 32399-031395
Ordinance No. 32400-031395
Budget Ordinance No. 32402-031395
The abovereferenced measures were adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at
a regular meeting held on Monday, March 13, 1995.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely,
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MFP:sm
(~lty (~lttrlC80ffloe
City of Roanoke, Vlrglnlal
March 17, 1995
Chccles A. Harlow
Acting Grants Monitoring Administrator
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mr. Harlow:
I am attaching copy of the following measures that pertcfin to your department:
Budget Ordinance No. 32396-031395
Resolution No. 32397-031395
The abovereferenced measures were adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at
a regular meeting held on Monday, March 13, 1995.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely,
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
City C~l~rl~ Offl~
C~lty of Roanoke, Vlrglnl~
March 17, 1995
John R. Marlles, Chief
Planning and Community Development
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mr. Marnes:
I ~un attaching copy of the following measures that pertain to your department:
Budget Ordinance No. 32396-031395
Resolution No. 32397-031395
The abovereferenced measures were adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at
a regular meeting held on Monday, March 13, 1995.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely,
Enc.
pc:
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
Mart,ha P. Franklin, Secretary, City Planning Commission
Olty C Imf'k'm
CIt~ of ROlMlokE,, VII,glnlm
March i7, 1995
John W. Coates, Manager
Parks, Recreation and Grounds Maintenance
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mr. Coates:
I am attaching copy of the following measure that pertains to your department:
Budget Ordinance No. 32402-031395
The abovereferenced measure was adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at a
regular meeting held on Monday, March 13, 1995.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely,
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MFP:sm
Enc.
C~lty Oler~m
OIty of Rolmok®, Vlrglnlm
March 17, 1995
Jesse H. Perdue, Jr., Manager
Utility Line Services
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mr. Perdue:
I am attaching copy of the following measure that pertains to your department:
Budget Ordinance No. 32402-031395
The abovereferenced measure was adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at a
regular meeting held on Mondcrff, March 13, 1995.
If you h~ve questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely,
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MFP:sm
City C~l~,r'k'~ Offlo~
~lt~ of I~omnol~m. Vl~lnlm
March 17, 1995
Robert J. Agnor, Manager
Cormnunications
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mr. Agnor:
I ~un attaching copy of the following measure that pertc~s to your department:
Budget Ordinance No. 32402-031395
The abovereferenced measure was adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at a
regular meeting held on Mondc~/, March 13, 1995.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely,
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MFP:sm
OIt~ ~ Rol~lolr*~,, VIrglnlm
March 17, 1995
Patsy A. Bussey, Clerk
Juvenile and Domestic Relations
District Court
Rognoke, Virginia
Dear Ms. Bussey:
I ~n attaching copy of the following measure that pertcfins to your department:
Budget Ordinance No. 32402-031395
The abovereferenced measure was adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at a
regular meeting held on Monday, March 13, 1995.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely, ~.~.~
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MFP:sm
Enc.
C#Y of Floanoke~ VIr~llnla
March 17, 1995
M. Craig Sluss, Manager
Water Department
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mr. Sluss:
I am attaching copy of the following measure that pertc~fns to your department:
Ordinance No. 32400-031395
The abovereferenced measure was adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at a
regular meeting held on Mondc~y, March 13, 1995.
' se do not hesitate to call me.
If you have questions, plea
Sincerely, ~
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MFP:sm
OIt~ 0 I~k'm
Olty of Romnokm, Vlfglnll~
March 17, 1995
D. Darwin Roupe, Manager
General Se~wices
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mr. Roupe:
I am attaching copy of the following measures that pertain to your department:
Budget Ordincmce No. 32398-031395
Ordinance No. 32399-031395
Ordinance No. 32400-031395
Budget Ordinance No. 32401-031395
The abovereferenced measures were adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at
a regular meeting held on Monday, March 13, 1995.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me.
Sincerely, ~° ~~
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MFP:sm
Roanoke. Virginia 24003
C703) 981-2721
REt. -.,
February 10, 1995
MAYO':
Honorable Mayor and City Council
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Members of City Council:
I am pleased to report to you that the Roanoke City Jail has
been "unconditionally certified', by the Board of Corrections.
"Unconditionally certified" means the jail was found to be in
100% compliance with all State standards for the operation of
local jails as established by the Board of Corrections.
By law, the auditors from the Department of Corrections must
inspect the jail and its operations every 3 years to ensure
compliance with the 107 State ~tandards. This year, the auditors
spent three days, February 1-3, 1995, inspecting our jail from
top to bottom and could not find any problems in the management
or operation of the jail. (Note: This certification should not
be confused with our national accreditations by the American
Correctional Association and the National Commission on
Correctional Health Care, American Medical Association.)
Since this State certification process began back in 1981,
the Roanoke City Jail is probably the only jail in Virginia which
has always received a 100% rating on every audit performed from
then until now.
With regards, I am
Sincerely,
W. Alvin Hudson
Sheri f f
WAH/gm
pc: W. Robert Herbert, City Manager
Office of the Mayor
OF ROANOKE
cITY
Given under our hands and the Seal of the City of Roanoke this thirteenth day of
March nineteen hundred and ninety-five.
WHEREAS,
WH~,
Arc Roanoke, Inc., is a charitable, no~profit corporation; and
Arc is committed to limiting the consequences of mental retardation
and related disabilities through public education, direct assistance
and advocacy on behalf of citizens afflicted with those conditions;
WHERE',
Arc has been dedicated to providing employment opportunities and
employment training for citizens with mental retardation and
related disabilities since 1951 in order to assist in maximizing
independence vocationally, socially and financially; and
Arc employs approximately 205 persons with mental retardation
and related disabilities, providing products, services and employees
for corporations in the Roanoke Valley; and
WllEREA~, Arc transports approximately 50 persons daily to its services and
other locations in the Roanoke Valley which are not served by
Valley Metro and RADAR; and
WHF_.RF.A$, Arc is the oldest member of the National Arc Association in
Virginia and is a Partner Agency with the United Way.
NOW, THF_.REFORE, I, David A. Bowers, Mayor of the City of Roanoke, Virginia,
do hereby proclaim, throughout the City of Roanoke, March, 1995,
as
ARC ROANOKE, INC., MONTH.
ATTEST:
MARY F. PARKER, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
CITY OF ROANOKE
OFFICE OF THE CITY CLERK
215 Church Avenue, S.W., Room 456
Roanoke, Virginia 24011-1536
Telephone: (703) 981-2541
SANDRA H. EAKIN
Deputy City Clerk
March 17, 1995
File #327
Dr. Robert F. Roth, President
Roanoke Sister Cities
501 Balsam Drive, S. W.
Roanoke, Virginia 24018
Dear Dr. Roth:
I am enclosing copy of Resolution No. 32394-031395 expressing the intent of the City of
Roanoke to enter into a new Sister City relationship with the City of Florian6polis, Santa
Catarina, Brazil; authorizing negotiations with the proper City ofr~cials of the City of
Florian6polis and other parties to establish a Sister City relationship and a cultural
exchange program between our two Cities; and authorizing the Mayor of the City of
Roanoke to execute any required agreements on behalf of the City. Resolution No.
32394-031395 was adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at a regular meeting held
on Monday, March 13, 1995.
Sincerely,
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MFP:sm
Enc.
pc: David K. Lisk, Director, Roanoke City Coordinator, Roanoke Sister Cities, 909
Carrington Avenue, S. W., Roanoke, Virginia 24015
MARY F. PARKER, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
CITY OF ROANOKE
OFFICE OF THE CITY CLERK
215 Church Avenue, S.W., Room 456
Roanoke, Virginia 24011-1536
Telephone: (703) 981-2541
SANDRA H. EAKIN
Deputy C y Clerk
March 17, 1995
File #327
The Honorable S6rgio Jos6 Grando, Mayor
City of Florian6polis
Prefeitura Municipal de Florian6polis
Rva Almirante Alvin, No. 491 - Centro
88015-380 - Florian6polis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
Dear Mayor Grando:
I am enclosing copy of Resolution No. 32394-031395 expressing the intent of the City of
Roanoke to enter into a new Sister City relationship with the City of Florian6polis, Santa
Catarina, Brazil; authorizing negotiations with the proper City officials of the City of
Florian6polis and other parties to establish a Sister City relationship and a cultural
exchange program between our two Cities; and authorizing the Mayor of the City of
Roanoke to execute any required agreements on behalf of the City. Resolution No.
32394-031395 was adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at a regular meeting held
on Monday, March 13, 1995.
Sincerely, ~
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MFP:sm
Enc.
IN THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROANOKE,
The 13th day of March, 1995.
No. 32394-031395.
VIRGINIA,
A RESOLUTION expressing the intent of the City of Roanoke to
enter into a new Sister City relationship with the City of
Florian6polis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; authorizing negotiations
with the proper City officials of the City of Florian6polis and
other parties to establish a Sister City relationship and a
cultural exchange program between the two Cities; and authorizing
the Mayor to execute any required agreements on behalf of the City.
WHEREAS, the City of Roanoke has participated
Cities program for more than thirty years and
established Sister City relationships with Wonju,
Kenya, and Pskov, Russia;
in the Sister
has previously
Korea, Kisumu,
WHEREAS, the City's participation in this program has resulted
in a warm friendship between this City and its Sister Cities and
promoted international understanding;
WHEREAS, the City of Roanoke was honored by the presence in
the City from February 10, 1995, through February 14, 1995, of a
delegation from Florian6polis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, consisting
of The Reverend Renan Massambani, Mr. Jo~o Rosa, Mrs. Regina Rosa,
Mrs. Maria Pereira and The Reverend and Mrs. Richard Schisler;
WHEREAS, the delegation brought greetings and gifts from The
Honorable S~rgio Jos~ Grando, Mayor of the City of Florian6polis;
WHEREAS, it has been suggested that the City of Roanoke and
the City of Florian6polis should enter into a Sister City
relationship; and
WHEREAS, the Mayor and Council of the City of Roanoke desire
to endorse a new Sister City relationship between the City of
Roanoke and the City of Florian6polis,
THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the
Roanoke, as follows:
1. The City of Roanoke through
Santa Catarina, Brazil;
Council of the City of
its City Council hereby
expresses
with the
implement
2.
its intent to enter into a new Sister City relationship
City of Florlan6polls, Santa Catarlna, Brazil, and
a cultural exchange program between the two Cities.
In implementing a Sister City relationship with the City
of Florian6polis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, the Mayor and other
officials of the City of Roanoke shall negotiate with the proper
officials of the said City of Florian6polis and the Mayor shall be
authorized to execute, for and on behalf of the City of Roanoke,
any required agreements or other documents which shall be approved
as to form by the City Attorney.
3. The Mayor, City Council and the people of the City of
Roanoke send their warmest greetings to Mayor Grando, the governing
body of Florian6polis and the people of Florian6polis.
ATTEST:
City Clerk.
MINUTES CONSIDERED AT THIS COUNCIL MEETING
MAY BE REVIEWED ON LINE IN THE "OFFICIAL MINUTES" FOLDER,
OR AT THE CITY CLERK'S OFFICE
DAVID A. BOWERS
Mayor
CITY OF ROANOKE
OFFICE OF THE MAYOR
215 Church Avenue, S.W., Room 452
Roanoke, Virginia 24011-1594
Telephone: (703) 981-2444
March 13, 1995
The Honorable Vice-Mayor and Members
of the Roanoke City Council
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Members of Council:
I wish to request an Executive Session to discuss vacancies on various authorities,
boards, commissions and committees appointed by Council, pursuant to Section 2.1-
344 (A) (1), Code of Virginia (1950), as amended.
Sincere. ly, ~.~
David A. Bowers
Mayor
DAB: se
DAVID A. BOWERS
Mayor
CITY OF ROANOKE
OFFICE OF THE MAYOR
215 Church Avenue, S.W., Room 452
Roanoke, Virginia 24011 - 1594
Telephone: (703) 981-2444
March 8, 1995
The Honorable Members of
Roanoke City Council
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Members of Council:
I read with interest in the Wednesday, March 8, 1995, edition of the Roanoke Times
& World-News efforts by the Roanoke City School Board to raise teachers' salaries
in the City schools to be more comparable with salaries of teachers in our
neighboring Roanoke County School System. That is great! However, the article
also indicated that the County School Board may soon raise salaries in that
jurisdiction so that County schoolteachers may again be paid higher than City
teachers.
In the spirit of valley cooperation and for the good of taxpayers in both
jurisdictions, it seems that we have an unique opportunity this year, or at least
within a multi-year cycle, to initiate uniform valley-wide schoolteachers' salaries in
the City and in the County. We should not have a City system that competes with the
County system in this regard. As I have indicated, the real competition is
Greensboro, Hampton Roads, and Fairfax, not our good neighbors in Roanoke
County. The efficient way to run our government, in my opinion, is to initiate
uniform valley-wide schoolteachers' salaries.
On another matter, I would like to know whether or not the County School Board and
the City School Board have met (as the Planning Commissions have just done), as
requested earlier by the Roanoke City Council.
I would request that this letter be placed on the Consent Agenda for our next
meeting of City Council, and thereafter be referred to the joint City Council/School
Board budget meeting in May.
Sincerely,
David A. Bowers
Mayor
DAB: jas
DAVID A. BOWERS
Mayor
CITY OF ROANOKE
OFFICE OF THE MAYOR
215 Church Avenue, S.W., Room 452
Roanoke, Virginia 24011 - 1594
Telephone: (703) 981-2444
March 9, 1995
The Honorable Members of
Roanoke City Council
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Members of Council:
Please find enclosed the "Action Alert" dated February 24, 1995, from The United
States Conference of Mayors.
We should all be very concerned about the significant cuts proposed in the Federal
budget which could negatively and directly impact programs in the City of Roanoke.
In particular, may I call to your attention proposed cuts in CDBG "Section 8" rental
subsidy vouchers, the Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program, the summer
youth job training program, funding for dislocated worker retraining (which might
affect the Fifth District Employment Consortium), environmental funding, Amtrak
funding, and homeless assistance.
I join with most Americans in believing that our Federal budget should be balanced,
but we should also be quite aware that tax cuts or further cuts in services by the
Congress may affect municipalities, like Roanoke, throughout the nation.
I would respectfully request that this matter be placed on the Consent Agenda for
the next meeting of Council, and thereafter be received and filed.
Best personal regards.
Sincerely,
David A. Bowers
Mayor
DAB :jas
Enclosures
SENT BY; XEROX Tele¢opien 7017; 2-24-95 ; 7:agPM ;
2022938063~
VZA SUREFAX;# 2
THE UNITED STATES CONFERENCE OF MAYORS
162 B EYtl STI~gT, N O P-.THWv'E $ T
WAS1KIN OTON, D,C. 20Q06
T~LI~PHONE [202) 293.7330
I~AX {202) 293.2352
ACTION ALERT
TO:
From:
Subject:
February 24, 1995
The Meyoi~l~l~ill~ ~ r
J, Themes I~ochren, Executive Directo
House Resc,~sion$ Package
The House is moving forward on a package of Fiscal Year 1995 rescissions
which would drastically reduce funding previously appropriated by Congress. The
proposed funding cuts have been approved by the subcommittees of the House
Appropriations Committee and are to be packaged by the full committee next
week.
House Appropriations Committee Chair Robert Livingston (LA) has said he
expects tho package to total approximately ~17 billion. Of this total, $? billion
would be used to offset the costs of an upcoming emergency supplemental
spending bill which will pay for relief efforts associated with the 1994 Los Angeles
earthquake -- even though emergency assistance Is not required to be offset by
budget reductions -- and for othsr domestic items. The remaining amount may be
used either to reduce the deficit or to pay for proposed tax cuts,
if 1;hose cuts are enacted, there would be no summer youth slots this year or
next yeer, The Community Development Block Grant program would receive a cut
of appro;;:,,,mately 8%, The Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program would
be eliminated in FY96, The program which helps provide housing for AiDS patients
would be ,;liminated, The urban parks program would be eliminated, es would
funding e?proprlated to help offset a previously unfunded federal mandate, the
Safe Drinking Water Act,
For key programs of Interest to cities, the attached chert shows the
previously approved funding levels for the current fiscal year and the proposed cuts
in these programs. Among the cuts included In the package:
o ¢?.3 billion from the Department of Housing and Urban Development --- a
nearly 22 percent reduction in the HUD budget. This includes a $349 million cut in
CDBG -- approximately 8% of the $4.6 billion appropriated, a $2,7 billion cut in
"Section 8" rental subsidy vouchers, a ~465 million cut in housing preservation
subsidies, ~90 million from the lead paint removal program, 81,2 billion from public
housing modernization, and the termination of the $186 million Housing
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OFportuni'.:.~ for People with AIDS program. Interestingly, the HOME program was
not cut.
o The ~:,Imination of the summer youth job training program for both 1995 and
1996. Thi: cut would amount to ~867 million in FY95 and ~871 million In FY96,
o A $3~0 million cut in funding for the year-round youth training program.
This includ::'~ $200 million in cuts already proposed in a separate rescission bill
Which will 't3 used to pay for military expenses.
o A ~9.3 million cut in funding for dislocated worker retraining.
o The ;limlnation of all funding -- $481.9 million -- for the Drug Free and Safe
Schoois and Communities program.
o Thai ~limlnation of several crime prevention grants authorized ~nd
under the ~994 crime bill including $26.§ million from HHS efforts and $11.1 from
the Dep~.;;ment of Education, s $27.8 million cut in Drug Courts, e~d the
eliminatloc of the Ounce of Prevention program -- $1.5 million -- and the Do~ostic
Violenc~ ~tline -- $1.0 million.
o A ~ ,3 billion cut in environmental funding for grants to st~; to est::,b;ish a
~afe drin',~;;g water loan program.
o Th~ elimination of the Low Income Home Energy Assistance ?;';;J~,;,
FY96, a c~t of $1.319 billion,
o $700 million in cuts affecting the Department of Transportation,
includes ~351 million from the Federal Highway Administration's emer?.~;¥ relief
accounL ~77 million from grants to new transit systems, $55 ml:::an from grants
~or Iocc! ~us programs, and $7.8 million from Amtrak's Northeas'~ Corridor
improve~-~ont Program.
o A ~26 million cut in the Women, Infants and Children pro§r~m.
o Th~ elimination of ail funding -- t~7.5 million -- for the Urban Par~ ccc
Recreaticr~ Recovery Program,
o A "210 million cut from the total $577 mtllion approprlat~ ;~;' th,~ national
servlcc ,~,-ogram,
o A ~1 3 million cut in Ryan White CARE Act funding and a t~23 mihiu~ out in
CDC fu~:;s for HIV prevention,
o A delay until September 30, 1995 for $297 million In homo',~ss
funding.
-2-
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Coal*fence staff and I met with the Washington Representetives of the
mayors today in an emergency meeting, and we are working together to keep you
informed 3,-d to develop a strategy as we represent your Interests on Capitol Hill,
As '"3 send you this memo, we understand that the next step on the
r6scissior? package will be full House Appropriations Committee action, which is
expected next week. Below is a list of the committee members.
As ',"~u express your concerns to members of the Appropriations Committee,
~,nd all members of the House, please copy us with any correspondence
(fx: 202/?'3-23F~2).
ttou~e Approprlationa Committee
Phone: 202-225-2771 m Room: H-218 Capitol
Republicans (32)
~lob Livin~ton, lst. LA, (~alr
loseph M. McDade, 10th-PA
John T:
C.W. Bill' YounS, 10th-FL
Ralph ResuJa, 16th-OH
Jerry Lewis, 40th-CA
John Edward Porter, lOth-IL
Harold Rog~r~, Sth-KY
Joe Skeen, 2nd-NM
Frank R. Wolf, 10th-VA
Tom DeLay, 22nd-TX
Jim Kolbe, Sth-AZ
Barbara F. Vucanovich, 2nd-N~
Jim Ui~hEoot, 3rd.lA
£on Packard, 4Sth-CA
Sonny Callahan, 1st-AL
James T. Welsh, 2$th-NY
Charles H. Taylor, 11th-NC
David Hobson, ?th-OH
Ernest jim Is~ok, 5th-Ol(
Henry Bonllla, 23tel-TX
Joseph KnoUenberg, 1 IthoMI
Dan Miller. 13th.FL
Jay Dickey, 4th. AR
Jack Kingston, 1 st-GA
Frank RIBp, 1 st. CA
Rodney Frelin~huysen, 11th-NJ
Roser Wicker, 1st-MS
Michael Forbes, 1 st-NY
Georse Nethercutt, Sth-WA
Jim Bunn,
Mark Neumann, I st-Wi
Democrat~ (24)
David R. Obey~ 7th-W1,
Sidney R. Yams, 9th-IL
Louis Stokes, 1 Ith-OH
Tom Bevill, 4th~AL
John P. Mutlha, 12th-PA
Chades Wilson, 2nd-TX
Norman D. Dicks, 6th-WA
Martin Olay Sabo, sth-MN
Julian C. Dixon, 32nd-CA
Vic Fazio, 3rd-CA
W.G. (Bill) Hefner, 8th-NC
Steny H. Hoyer, 5th-MD
Richard J. Durbln, 20th4L
Ronald D. Coleman, 16th-TX
Alan a. Mollohan, 1 st. WV
Jim Chapman, 1st-TX
Marcy Kaptur, 9th-OH
David £. '~kas~s, 2nd-CO
Nancy Pelosi, 8th. CA
Peter J. Visclo~ky, I st-IN
Thomas M. Fosiietta, 1st-PA
Esteban ~dward Torres,
34th.CA
N[ta M. Lowey, 18th.NY
Ray Thornton, 2nd-AR
-3-
02/2~/95 19:06:07
-> ?B3 981 294fl Hagnr Bouera
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FY 1¢9~
App~a~o~
20229390~e
FY 1995
Proposed Cut
Pa§e S
VIA SUREFAX;# 5
Ryaa White/X~)S C~ Act pro,mn
A~DS prCV.~ u/cducauo
Community Development Block Grant
Le, ad-bltsexl ~,~!?,~ program
Housing Oppomml~s fm P~opl~ with AIDS.
Public Ho~i.S
Public Housinf: Opemfin~ Subsialos
Scvc~ly Di.~tr~sed Public Housing
* i~ludcs c',~t in FY94 tim&ag
lnzremeutaI Recital Asalstaac~
Transit- Sec,5ou 3 Discn:tiomxy
* except f~: ~17 millioain mmarmat~d
FY95 bus fealding, all cuts ~ prc-l~94 funds
~'gb Training
Adult job
5 at:th job tr..lag (year tmmd)
S:,mm~r yes,th program
oe'j.mmer youth
* ~96 I~.
Dlspi~cd ,,,, ?'~:¢r pm~
Sch~l-to-w~rk
YOU~ F~r
O~*s~ job t~g craters
~nman
Low Ixmome }lomc Energy A~lstalml Program
* advanced fending for FY96
~ducation
School-to-wc::k program
~. g Control
Drug Fmc and Safe Schools and Communities
Crime Bill prevention programs:
- I-IHS (2om~anity Schools
- Dqaarmq:t~t of Education CommtmRy Schools
- Drug Courm
$633
$4.600
$100
$186
$3,700
$2,900
$500
$2,786
$1,725
$I,054.8
$598.7
$867
$871
$13
$23
$90
$186
$!,157
$%4
$598 *
$2,694
$134'
$33.0
$3~0.0
$867
$~71 *
$1,296 $99.3
$125.0 $12,5 .'
$24.8 $?~.8
$120 $12
$1,319
$115,6
$481.9
$26.5
$11.1
$29.0
$1.319 *
$4gi,9
$26.5
$11.1
$27.8
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Page
VIA SUREFAX;#
- 'Otm¢¢ of :-- ~ntlon
- Domestic ' ':-'~nce HoQJ~e
Sa~'~ Drink. i: ",%ter Loans
Urban Parks ,~' Rec~afion Recovery Program
V¢:crans Homeless Sob T~a~nJng
_Arts and H ~
N~_fional t~vd-,~nent for the Hunmai6¢s
Natio~l and Conmlu~ky Service
Women, I~ants al~ Chil~¢n
FY 1995 FY 1995
Appropriations Proposed Cat
$1,5 $1.5
$1.0
$1,303 $1,303
$?,5 $7.~
$~.0 $5.~
$1,110 $297
$110
$168.0 $5.~
$177,0 $5/:
$577 $310
$3,470 $2~
-2-
MARY F. PARKER, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
CITY OF ROANOKE
OFFICE OF THE CITY CLERK
215 Church Avenue. S.W., Room 456
Roanoke, Virginia 24011-1536
Telephone: (703) 981-2541
SANDRA H, EAKIN
Deputy City Clerk
March 17, 1995
File #15-110-304
Thomas H. Miller, Chatrperson
Youth Services Citizen Board
3429 Windsor Road, S.W.
Roanoke, Virginia 24018
Dear Mr. Miller:
This is to advise you that Carolyn Word has qualified as a member of the Youth Services
Citizen Board for a term ending May 31, 1996.
Sincerely,
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MFP:sm
pc: Marion Vaughn-Howard, Youth Planner
Sandra H. Eakin, Deputy City Clerk
Oath or Affirmation of Office
Commonwealth of Virginia, City of Roanoke, to-wit:
I, Carolyn Word, do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support the Constitution of
the United States, and the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Virginia, and that I will faithfully
and impartially discharge and perform all the duties incumbent upon me as a member of the
Youth Services Citizen Board for a term ending May 31, 1996, according to the best of my
ability. So help me God.
Subscribed and sworn to before me this ~ day of ~)
1995.
ART~, B. CRUSH, III, CLERK
DEPUTY CLERK
DAVID A. BOWERS
Mayor
CITY OF ROANOKE
OFFICE OF THE MAYOR
215 Church Avenue, S.W., Room 452
Roanoke, Virginia 24011 - 1594
Telephone: (703) 981-2444
March 8, 1995
The Honorable Vice-Mayor and Members
of the Roanoke City Council
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Members of Council:
On June 30, 1995, there will be two vacancies on the Roanoke City School Board, for terms
commencing July 1, 1995, and ending June 30, 1998.
Pursuant to Chapter 9, Education, Section 9-17, Candidate's Application, Code of the City of
Roanoke (1979), as amended, the deadline for receipt of applications is Friday, March 10, 1995.
To date, I am advised by the City Clerk that only two applications have been filed. While I am
confident that both individuals are qualified applicants, I am concerned that the matter has not
received sufficient publicity in order to generate the desired response.
After conferring with the City Attorney, I am advised that the Members of Council may legally
extend the deadline for receipt of applications, and I have requested that the City Attorney prepare
the proper measure. Therefore, I recommend that the deadline will be extended for a period of
two weeks and that applications will be received by the City Clerk until 5:00 p. m., on Friday,
March 24, 1995.
Your favorable consideration of the appropriate measure will be appreciated.
Best personal regards.
Sincerely,
David A. Bowers
Mayor
DAB:mg
1995
CANDIDATES FOR THE POSITION
OF SCHOOL BOARD TRUSTEE
Reverend C. Nelson Harris
Martin D. Jeffrey
Melinda J. Payne
SCHOOL BOARD SELECTION PROCESS
Council will hold an informal meeting (reception) which
will be open to the public with all candidates for school
trustee in the Lobby of the Municipal Building, 215
Church Avenue, S. W. You are cordially invited to attend
the reception. Date to be announced.
On Monday, March 27 at 3:00 p.m., or as soon thereafter
as the matter may be heard, Council as a Committee of the
Whole, will review and consider all candidates for the
position of school trustee. At such meeting, Council
shall review all applications filed for the position and
Council may elect to interview candidates for such
positions. Unless otherwise advised, it will not be
necessary for you to be present.
On Monday, April 10 at 3:00 p.m., or as soon thereafter
as the matter may be heard, Council will, by public vote,
select from the field of candidates, those candidates to
be accorded the formal interview and all other candidates
will be eliminated from the school trustee selection
process. The number of candidates to be granted the
interview shall not exceed three times the number of
positions available on the Roanoke City School Board,
should there be so many candidates. It will not be
necessary for you to be present.
On Monday, April 24 at 3:00 p.m., or as soon thereafter
as the matter may be heard, Council will hold a public
hearing to receive the views of citizens. It will not be
necessary for you to be present.
On Thursday, April 27 at 6:00 p.m., in the City Council
Chamber, Council will hold a meeting for the purpose of
conducting a public interview of candidates for the
position of school trustee.
On Monday, May 8 at 3:00 p.m., or as soon thereafter as
the matter may be heard, Council will hold an election to
fill the two vacancies for terms commencing July 1, 1995,
and ending June 30, 1998.
IN THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROANOKE,
VIRGINIA,
AN ORDINANCE amending §9-17, Candidate's application, of
Article II, Procedure for election of school trustees, of Chapter
9, Education, Code of the City of Roanoke (1979), as amended, to
provide for a one-time extension of the deadline for the filing of
applications for the office of school board trustee; and providing
for an emergency and an effective date and termination date of this
ordinance.
WHEREAS, City Council seeks to encourage a large field of
well-qualified candidates for the office of school board trustee;
THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED by the Council of the City of
Roanoke as follows:
1. This ordinance amends and supersedes §9-17, Candidate's
application, of Article II, Procedure for election of school
trustees, of Chapter 9, Education, Code of the City of Roanoke,
with respect only to the date by which candidates for school board
trustee shall file their application with the City Clerk.
2. With respect to applications for the office of school
board trustee required by ~9-17, Code of the City of Roanoke
(1979), as amended, to be filed by March 10, 1995, notwithstanding
~9-17, the deadline for the filing of such applications shall be
extended to March 24, 1995.
3. This ordinance, being of one-time application and of a
temporary nature, shall not be codified.
municipal government, an emergency is deemed to exist,
ordinance shall be in full force and effect retroactive
10, 1995 .
5. This ordinance shall expire, without any action of City
Council, by its own terms on June 30, 1995.
In order to provide for the usual daily operation of the
and this
to March
ATTEST:
City Clerk.
IN THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROANOKEt VIRGINIA
The 13th day of March, 1995.
No. 32395-031395.
AN ORDINANCE to amend and reordain certain sections of the
1994-95 Nursing Home and General Fund Appropriations, and providing
for an emergency.
WHEREAS, for the usual daily operation of the Municipal
Government of the city of Roanoke, an emergency
exist.
is declared to
THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED by the Council of the City of
Roanoke that certain sections of the 1994-95 Nursing Home and
General Fund Appropriations, be, and the same are hereby, amended
and reordained to read as follows, in part:
Nursina Home Fund
Appropriations
Operating Expenses
Contractual Services
Retained EarninGs
Retained Earnings - Unrestricted
General Fund
ApDrooriations
Nondepartmental
Transfers to Other Funds
Fund Balance
(1) ..........................
(2) ................
$
(3) ........................
Reserved Capital Maintenance and
Equipment Replacement Program - City
1) Fees for
Professional
Services (009-054-5340-2010)
2) Retained Earnings-
Unrestricted (009-3336)
(4) ............
$ 70,000
(25,000)
$ 1,732,106
93,085
16,281,252
49,213,823
48,188,685
1,282,143
March 13, 1995
95-07
Honorable Mayor and Member of City Council
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mayor Bowers and Members of Council:
Subject: Roanoke City Nursing Home
I. Background on the subject in chronological order is:
The Roanoke City Nursing Home has been in operation at its current location at
Coyner Springs since August 1958. The current building was constructed in 1939
to house a tuberculosis sanitarium, and is 56 years old.
Annual maintenance costs for the facility have averaged $79,000 annually, and the
facility is in good condition now. Because of the facility's age, however, future
facility maintenance and improvements needs are numerous. The facility does not
meet current State standards for new nursing homes.
The facility is operated financially as an Enterprise Fund, with the General Fund
providing local tax dollars to subsidize the difference in operating revenues
(Medicaid reimbursements and patient payments) and operating expenditures.
Medicaid reimbursements have been a substantial source of funding for the nursing
home's operations because a high percentage of patients are Medicaid eligible.
State action in 1982 to limit the amount of Medicaid reimbursement to private and
local government-operated nursing homes resulted in a $192,000 reduction in
Medicaid revenues collected. Medicaid revenues for the nursing home have never
recovered to pre-1982 levels.
The amount of local tax dollars required to support the home's operations in Fiscal
Year 1994,95 is $440,750.
II. Current situation is:
Construction of a new nursing home facility will be necessary at some point in the
near future if the City continues to operate the home as a City department. The
estimated cost of a new facility is three million dollars ($3,000,000), the equivalent
of a ten cent increase in the real estate tax.
The amount of local tax dollars required to support the home's operations will
continue to grow because of the limits placed on Medicaid reimbursements, since a
large percentage (92%) of the home's residents are Medicaid eligible.
An internal staff team was formed in 1994 to study the two major concerns of
facility condition and a growing local tax subsidy, and identify options for
addressing them. The staff team included representatives from the following
departments:
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Director of Human Development
Nursing Home
City Attorney
Director of Finance
Management and Budget
Personnel Management
Alternative service delivery_ options identified by the team include:
Continue to operate the nursing home as a City department and build a new
nursing home facility at an estimated cost of three million dollars
($3,000,000);
Hire a professional nursing home management firm to operate the nursing
home with the City still being responsible for building a new facility;
Operate the nursing home under a non-profit corporation or commission
with the corporation or commission being responsible for building a new
facility; and
Allow a private developer/operator to build a new facility and provide the
service.
The primary issue determined by the team is whether the City needs to remain
in the nursing home business, particularly with the rising local tax dollar subsidy,
the need to construct a new facility and, typically, the availability of nursing home
space at other nursing homes in the Roanoke Valley for anyone needing care.
The team's primary recommendation was to consider proposals from private
developers or operators interested in constructing and operating a new nursing
home if they could meet the following criteria:
1. Offer all existing patients the option to transfer to the new facility; and
Offer all existing employees the option to transfer to the new facility and
protect their jobs and compensation to the extent possible.
Based on analysis of these proposals, the best method of delivering nursing home
service can then be determined.
The team also recommended, based on research of how other localities have
successfully managed the transition fi.om public to private service delivery, that
the City Attorney be authorized to retain special counsel to help navigate through
the very complex State laws and regulations, including Medicaid regulations, that
must be complied with in such a transition. The estimated cost of such assistance
is $70,000.
III. Issues in order of importance are:
A. Timing
B. Funding
IV. Alternatives in order of feasibility are:
City Council concur in the continued study of the alternative service delivery
methods identified by the team for the nursing home, and appropriate $70,000 for
legal assistance so that the option of allowing a private developer/operator to
construct and operate a new facility can be fully explored.
Timing - approval oft[ds request would allow the study project to move
ahead expeditiously so that a final recommendation can be made before the
end of the fiscal year.
Funding is available in Nursing Home retained earnings ($25,000) and the
portion remaining of the Fiscal Year 1993-94 Capital Maintenance and
Equipment Replacement Program ($45,000).
City Council not concur in the continued study of the alternative service delivery
methods identified by the team for the nursing home, and not appropriate $70,000
for legal assistance so that the option of allowing a private developer/operator to
construct and operate a new facility can be fully explored.
Timing - the study project would not move ahead expeditiously so that a
final recommendation can be made before the end of the fiscal year.
Funding would continue to be available in Nursing Home retained earnings
($25,000) and the portion remaining of the Fiscal Year 1993-94 Capital
Maintenance and Equipment Replacement Program ($45,000).
Recommendation is as follows:
City Council concur in the continued study of the alternative service delivery methods
identified by the team for the nursing home, and appropriate $70,000 for legal assistance
so that the option of allowing a private developer/operator to construct and operate a new
facility can be fully explored.
Appropriate $25,000 fi'om Nursing Home Fund retained earnings and $45,000 from the
Fiscal Year 1993-94 Capital Maintenance and Equipment Replacement Program balance
remaining to account 009-054-5340-2010 in the Nursing Home Fund.
Respectfully submitted,
W. Robert Herbert
City Manager
COl
Wilburn C. Dibling, City Attorney
James D. Gfisso, Director of Finance
Glenn D. Radcliffe, Director of Human Development
R. F. Hyatt, Nursing Home Administrator
Barry L. Key, Manager, Management and Budget
SHOULD CARE OF ELDERLY RESIDENTS BE PROFITMAKING?
AS a family member of a resident residing at Roanoke City Nursing
Home, a volunteer at this facility, and a part of the "Roanoke City
Nursing Home Family" which is a benefit found in very few facili-
ties of this type, I would like to address the decisions which the
Roanoke City Council, City Manager, and City Team are presently facing.
We are speaking of the home of 58 elderly residents. When did
our elderly residents become profit making statistics? It may be a
fact that Roanoke City Taxpayers are subsidizing the Nursing Home
Operation but if there is a problem with this, are we also going to
stop subsidizing welfare recipients, homeless shelters, and other
needs in the area? Why should our elderly residents be the target?
These residents are taken care of by a unique quality of employees
who genuinely care and are not just performing needed duties. They go
above and beyond their call of duty for these residents who receive
exceptional care not found in many larger facilities of this type.
A new fancy facility might look better, a larger facility might
produce more revenue, but what happens to the personal and caring
treatment these residents are presently receiving? The tears that
were shed when the residents were informed of this change tells us
that they do not want the fancy facility and the large institutional
atmosphere. They do not want their home uprooted and their family torn
apart. This family atmosphere would not exist in a 100 or 150 bed
facility.
If each decision making citizen would drive up on this hill when
these residents are out on the patio having a cook-out or picnic,
enjoying the gorgeous view of the mountains, and breathing the clean
and fresh air, I think they would think twice before taking these
privileges away from them. What a beautiful sight this is! The
view of buildings, cars, people, and congestion, can in no way compare
either in scenery or in health risks.
I hope each decision making member will take a good hard look
at this situation from a humane point of view and consider all
recipients of subsidies from taxpayer dollars, and think about the
fact that the city is not in the nursing home business because care
and welfare of elderly residents should not be a business but a
nonprofit obligation to its elderly citizens. After all, these residents
were at one time taxpayers!
GALA B. ELLIS
RT. 1, BOX 17A
MONTVALE, VIRGINIA 24122
703-9472322
Work(703-9472311)
cc: Roanoke City Nursing Home
MARY F. PARKER, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
CITY OF ROANOKE
OFFICE OF THE CITY CLERK
215 Church Avenue, S.W., Room 456
Roanoke, Virginia 24011-1536
Telephone: (703) 981-2541
SANDRA H. EAKIN
Deputy Cit;* Clerk
March 17, 1995
File # 178-200-236
Neva J. Smith
Executive Director
City of Roanoke Redevelopment
and Housing Authority
2624 Salem Turnpike, N. W.
Rocmoke, Virginia 24017
Dear Ms. Smith:
I ~, enclosing copy of Resolution No. 32397-031395 authorizing the appropriate City
officials to enter into Amendment No. 2 to the Community Development Block Grant
Subrecipient Agreement between the City and the City of Roanoke Redevelopment and
Housing Authority dated September 23, 1994, upon cerk~n terms and conditions.
Resolution No. 32397-031395 was adopted by the Council of the City of Roanoke at a
regular meeting held on Monday, March 13, 1995.
Sincerely,
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
IN THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROANOKE, VIRGINIA,
The 13th day of March, 1995.
No. 32397-031395.
A RESOLUTION authorizing the appropriate City officials to enter into Amendment No.
2 to the Community Development Block Grant Subrecipient Agreement between the City and the
City of Roanoke Redevelopment and Housing Authority, upon certain terms and conditions.
BE IT RESOLVED by the Council of the City of Roanoke that the City Manager or the
Assistant City Manager and City Clerk are hereby authorized to execute and attest, respectively, on
behalf of the City, in form approved by the City Attorney, Amendment No. 2 to the Community
Development Block Grant Subrecipient Agreement dated September 23, 1994, between the City and
the City of Roanoke Redevelopment and Housing Authority, as more particularly set forth in the
report to this Council dated March 13, 1995.
ATTEST:
City Clerk.
IN THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROANOKE, VIRGINIA
The 13th day of March, 1995.
No. 32396-031395.
AN ORDINANCE to amend and reordain certain sections of the
1994-95 Grant Fund Appropriations, and providing for an emergency.
WHEREAS, for the usual daily operation of the Municipal
Government of the City of Roanoke, an emergency is declared to
exist.
THEREFORE, BE IT
Roanoke that certain
Appropriations, be,
to read as follows,
ORDAINED by the Council of the City of
sections of the 1994-95 Grant Fund
and the same are hereby, amended and reordained
in part:
Appropriations
Community Development Block Grant FY94
Housing FY94 (1) .................................
Unprogrammed CDBG (2-5) ..........................
Community Development Block Grant FY95
Housing FY95 (6) .................................
Unprogrammed CDBG (7) ............................
$ 2,877,561
705,761
16,531
3,067,491
507,671
463
1) Gainsboro
Enhancement II
2) Unprogrammed
CDBG-Williamson
Road Garage
3) Unprogrammed
CDBG-Other
4) Unprogrammed
CDBG-Home
Purchase
Program
5) Unprogrammed
CDBG-RRHA
6) Gainsboro
Enhancement II
7) Unprogrammed
CDBG-Other
(035-093-9320-5009)
(035-093-9340-5182)
(035-093-9340-5189)
(035-093-9340-5192)
(035-093-9340-5197)
(035-094-9420-5009)
(035-094-9440-5189)
$ 108,011
(20,436)
(32,099)
(10,082)
(45,394)
66,776
(66,776)
BE IT FURTHER ORDAINED that, an emergency existing,
Ordinance shall be in effect from its passage.
ATTEST:
this
City Clerk.
Honorable Mayor and Members of City Council
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Members of Council:
Roanoke, Virglnia
March 13, 1.995 .'
95-08
SUBJECT:
I. Background:
Amendment No. 2 to the Community Development Block Grant
(CDBG) Contract for Services with the Roanoke Redevelopment and
Housing Authority (RRHA)
A. Projects associated with the Gainsboro Conservation/Redevelopment Plan are among the
variety of CDBG funded programs administered by the (RRHA).
City Council approved a Contract for Services with the RRHA for the administration of
these activities in the current fiscal year on August 8, 1994, by Resolution No. 32137-
080894 and City Council has approved Amendment 1 to this contract on November 28, 1994,
by Resolution No. 32262-112894.
The Gainsboro Enhancement Project II is a program addressed in the current contract - to
assist the city with a project to relocate, rehabilitate and resell two (2) structures previously
located behind the Hotel Roanoke at 42 and 56 Wells Avenue, N.E. to 12 and 18 Gilmer
Avenue, N.E. Relocation is complete. The funding amount in the current contract for this
project is $178.295. This includes $162.152 for project costs and $16,143 for staff support
costs.
II.
Recommendation for this pro_iect was originally made by the Roanoke City Planning
Commission as part of the Commission's review of the Wells Avenue Redevelopment
Project. The two structures also have historical value and are important to the Gainsboro
Community.
Current Situation:
Bids were opened for the rehabilitation of the two structures located at 12 and 18 Gilmer
Avenue, N.E. by the RRHA on February 2, 1995. Two (2) bids were received. The RRHA
recommends awarding the bid to the lowest bidder, Building Specialist, Inc. for a lump sum
of $219.300. Their bid was $17.200 lower than the other bid received.
B. An additional $16.000 will be required for landscaping and weatherization of the
structures. These services were not included in the bid.
C. There is a current balance of $60.513 remaining in the RRIIA's Gainsboro Enhancement II
project account. An additional $174,787 is needed to complete the project.
III.
Honorable Mayor and City Council
Page 2
D. City Council authorized the appropriation of program income from the RRHA and other
Miscellaneous accounts to Unprogrammed CDBG accounts on February 27, 1995 by
Ordinance No. 323930-022795.
E. An amendment is necessary_ to the CDBG Contract for Services with the RRHA to
increase the project budget for the Gainsboro Enhancement II project accounts from
$178.295 to $353.082 for the completion of this project which includes the rehabilitation,
weatherization and landscaping of the properties located at 12 and 18 Gilmer Avenue, N.E.
Issues
IV.
A. Cost to the City
B. Funding
C. Timing
D. Compliance with a_nplicable regulations
Alternatives
A. Authorize the City Manaeer to:
i. Execute Amendment No. 2 to the CDBG Contract with the Roanoke
Redevelopment and Housing Authority.
ii. Transfer the following amounts totaling $108.011 from the CDBG accounts listed
below to Gainsboro Enhancement II Account No. 035-093-9320-5009:
035-093-9340-5182 $20,436
035-093-9340-5192 10,082
035-093-9340-5197 45,394
035-093-9340-5189 32.099
$108,011
iii. Transfer $66.776 from the CDBG Account No. 035-094-9440-5189 to Gainsboro II
Account No. 035-094-9420-5009.
1. Cost to the city_ will be $174.787 in additional CDBG funds. It is expected that
approximately $100.000 in program income will be generated upon the sale of these two
structures and returned to the city after the rehabilitation is completed.
2. Funding totaling $174,787 is currently available in the above Unprogrammed accounts
and may be appropriated to the Gainsboro Enhancement II accounts.
Honorable Mayor and City Council
Page 3
Timing is important. The Gainsboro Enhancement II Project is scheduled for completion
as soon as possible, following the upcoming opening of the Hotel Roanoke/Conference
Center. The project is located in an area targeted for improvement by the Gainsboro
Coalition. The bid, which has already been extended once, will expire March 17, 1995.
Compliance with applicable regulations is assured through contract review and project
monitoring by the city's Office of Grants Compliance. Completion of this project will
enable the RRHA to be able to sell these homes to low or moderate income persons
which will enable this project to meet the CDBG Broad National Objective required by
HUD.
B. Do not authorize the Ci_ty Manager to execute Amendment No 2 to the CDBG contract with
the RRHA and to transfer the needed funds.
1. Cost to the city will be in lost tax revenues. Two potential homeowners would not be
able to purchase these rehabilitated homes and move into the area.
2. Funding would not be expended. The properties would not generate program income to
be returned to the city.
3. Timing could be adversely affected. The bid, which has already been extended once, will
expire March 17, 1995.
Compliance with applicable regulations may not be met. as these homes are to be sold to
low or moderate income persons before the project will meet the CDBG Broad National
Objective required by HUD.
Recommendation
It is recommended that City Council concur in Alternative A and authorize the City
Manager tO:
A. Execute Amendment No. 2 to the CDBG contract with the Roanoke
Redevelopment and Housing Authority, and
B. Transfer the following amounts totaling $108,011 from the CDBG accounts listed below to
Gainsboro Enhancement II Account No. 035-093-9320-5009:
035-093-9340-5182, $20,436
035-093-9340-5192, 10,082
035-093-9340-5197, 45,394
035-093-9340-5189 32.099
$108,011
Honorable Mayor and City Council
Page 4
C. Transfer $66,776 from the CDBG Account No. 035-094-9440-5189 to Gainsboro II Account
No. 035-094-9420-5009.
WRH/lss
Attachment
Respectfully submitted,
W. Robert Herbert
City Manager
CC:
James D. Ritchie, Assistant City Manager
Wilburn C. Dibling, Jr., City Attorney
James D. Grisso, Director of Finance
William F. Clark, Director of Public Works
John R. Marlles, Chief, Planning and Community Development
Charles A. Harlow, Grants Monitor
Ms. Neva Smith, Executive Director, Roanoke Redevelopment and Housing Authority
Amendment No. 2 to
1994-1995 CDBG Contract for Services
THIS AMENDMENT, entered into this day of March, 1995 by and between the CITY OF
ROANOKE (Grantee) and the CITY OF ROANOKE REDEVELOPMENT AND HOUSING
AUTHORITY (Subgrantee).
WHEREAS, the Grantee and the Subgrantee have, by a Contract for Services under the Community
Development Block Grant (CDBG) program, dated September 23, 1994, contracted for the provision of
certain services by the Subgrantee in relation to the implementation of the City's CDBG program; and
WHEREAS, by Resolution No. adopted by City Council on
has, and by Resolution No. ., adopted on ~ the
Commissioners of the City of Roanoke Redevelopment and Housing Authority have authorized the
execution of this amendment to the contract dated September 23, 1994, such amendment to provide for an
increase in the funds available for Gainsboro Enhancement II.
NOW, THEREFORE, the Grantee and the Subgrantee do mutually agree to amend:
Part I, Section B, subsection 4, to read as follows:
Gainsboro Enhancement II - The Subgrantee shall rehabilitate and resell two (2) structures
previously located at 42 and 56 Wells Avenue, N.E. CDBG funds available for this
purpose total $336,939. Program delivery costs for this activity shall not exceed $16,143.
Total program cost is $353,082.
The Agreement shall remain unchanged in all other terms and provisions.
1N WITNESS WHEREOF, the Grantee and Subgrantee have executed this amendment as of the date
first written above.
ATTEST:
CITY OF ROANOKE
Mary F. Parker, City Clerk
By
W. Robert Herbert
City Manager
ATTEST:
CITY OF ROANOKE REDEVELOPMENT
AND HOUSiNG AUTHORITY
By
Neva J. Smith
Executive Director
Appropriation and Funds Required for this Contract Certified:
See attached exhibit
CDBG
Amendme~
P~e2
Date:
Approved as to Form:
Approved as to Execution:
Approved as to CDBG Eligibility:
Fiscal Year 1995
RRHA Contract Amendment No. 2
Quick Response to Emergencies
TOTAL QUICK RESPONSE/EMERG
Quick Response to Elderly
TOTAL QUICK RESPONSE/ELDERLY
Operation Paintbrush
TOTAL OPERATION PAINTBRUSH
Gainsboro Enhancement II
TOTAL GAINSBORO ENHANCEMENT
Gainsboro Professional Park
TOTAL GAINSBORO PROF PARK
Home Support
TOTAL HOME SUPPORT
Henry Street Improvements
TOTAL HENRY STREET
Deanwood Industrial Park
TOTAL DEANWOOD
Shaffers Crossing Phase I
TOTAL SRAFFERS CROSSING
Hotel Roanoke Redevlop
TOTAL HOTEL ROANOKE
RRHA General Administration
TOTAL RRHA GEN ADMINISTRA
Private Loan Program
TOTAL PRIVATE LOAN PROGRAM
CDBG PROGRAM TOTALS
Account Numbers
035-094-9410-5076
035-094-9420-5203
....... CDBG FUNDS ...... Total
Project Admin/Support CDBG Funds
-- 35,000
90,000
90,000 35,000
035-094-9410-5002 --
035-094-9420-5003 90,000
90,000
035-094-9410-5048 --
035-094-9437-5102 37,115
37,115
035-092-9220-5009 18,964
035-093-9320-5009 181,199
035-094-9410-5008 --
035-094-9420-5009 136,776
336,939
035-092-9220-5011 39,420
035-092-9230-5011 15,000
035-093-9330-5011 19,404
035-094-9410-5007 --
035-094-9420-5011 41,111
114,935
035-094-9410-5000
035-093-9337-5151 20,949
035-094-9410-5046 --
035-094-9437-5151 79,051
100,000
035-094-9410-5001 --
035-094-9430-5020 11,804
11,804
035-092-9230-5145 8,774
035-094-9410-5047 --
8,774
035-094-9410-5049
035-094-9410-5035
125,000
35,000
35,000
125,000
14,888
14,888
52,003
16,143
16,143
353,082
13,999
13,999
128,934
035-092-9220-5105
155,669
155,669 155,669
8,000
8,000
108,000
12,000
12,000
23,804
8,001
8,001 16,775
-- 6,000
0 6,000
6,000
-- 75,000
0 75,000
75,000
8,274
8,274
8,274
797,841
379,700 1,177,541
LS\95RRHACD.AM2
MARY F. PARKER, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
CITY OF ROANOKE
OFFICE OF THE CITY CLERK
215 Church Avenue, S.W. Room 456
Roanoke, Virginia 24011-1536
Telephone: (703) 981-254l
SANDRA H. EAKIN
Deputy City Clerk
March 17, 1995
File #20-77-468-514
John H. Lararnore, President
Lar~unore Construction Co., Inc.
P. O. Box 1656
Danville, Virginia 24543
Dear Mr. Larcanore:
I am enclosing copy of Ordinance No. 32399-031395 approving the City Manager's
issuance of Change Order No. 4 to the Cites contract v~th Laramare Construction
Company, Inc., in connection with Carvins Cove Filter Plant Improvements - Phase II,
Contract A-2, in the amount of $169,074.65, for a total contract amount, including Change
Order No. 4, of $1,711,250.65. Ordinance No. 32399-031395 was adopted by the Council
of the City of Roanoke at a rec3~ar meeting held on Monday, March 13, 1995.
Sincerely,
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MFP:sm
Enc.
IN THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROANOKE, VIRGINIA,
The I3th day of March, 1995.
No. 32399-031395.
AN ORDINANCE approving the City Manager's issuance of Change Order No. 4 to the
City's contract with Laramore Construction Company, Inc., in connection with Carvins Cove Filter
Plant Improvements - Phase II, Contract A-2; and providing for an emergency.
BE IT ORDAINED by the Council of the City of Roanoke that:
1. The City Manager or the Assistant City Manager is authorized and empowered to
issue, for and on behalf of the City, upon form approved by the City Attorney, Change Order No. 4
to the City's contract with Laramore Construction Company, Inc., in connection with Carvins Cove
Filter Plant Improvements - Phase II, Contract A-2.
2. Such Change Order shall provide for the following changes in the work to be
performed:
ORIGINAL CONTRACT AMOUNT
CHANGE ORDER NO. 1
CHANGE ORDER NO. 2
CHANGE ORDER NO. 3
CHANGE ORDER NO. 4
Delete 3000 LF 36" watermain ~$122.00 per LF
Add 3000 LF 36" watermain ~162.22 per LF
Add 4-36" 45° bends ~$5,100.00 each
Additional rock excavation 500 CY~ $56.00 per CY
TOTAL AMOUNT OF CHANGE ORDER NO. 4
$1,469,735.00
2,771.00
69,195.00
475.00
$ (366,000.00)
486,474.65
20,400.00
28,000.00
$ 169,074.65
CONTRACT AMOUNT INCLUDING CHANGE ORDER NO.4 $~
ADDITIONAL TIME REQUIRED FOR CHANGE ORDER NONE
3. In order to provide for the usual daily operation of the municipal government, an
emergency is deemed to exist, and this ordinance shall be in full force and effect upon its passage.
ATTEST:
City Clerk.
IN THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROANOKE, VIRGINIA
The 13th day of March, 1995.
No. 32398-031395.
AN ORDINANCE to amend and reordain certain sections of
1994-95 Water Fund Appropriations, and providing for an emergency.
the
WHEREAS, for the usual daily operation of the Municipal
Government of the City of Roanoke, an emergency is declared to exist.
THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED by the Council of the City of Roanoke
that certain sections of the 1994-95 Water Fund Appropriations, be, and
the same are hereby, amended and reordained to read as follows, in
part:
Capital Outlay
Carvins Cove Phase II Contract B-2 (1) ............
Carvins Cove Phase II Contract A-2 (2) ............
(1) Appropriated
from Bond Funds (002-056-8370-9001) $ (96,000)
(2) Appropriated
from Bond Funds (002-056-8373-9001) 96,000
$ 32,415,648
2,575,054
1,712,709
BE IT FURTHER ORDAINED that, an emergency existing, this
Ordinance shall be in effect from its passage.
ATTEST:
City Clerk.
March 13, 1995
Council Report No. 95-118
Honorable Mayor, and Members of City Council
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mayor Bowers and Members of Council:
Subject:
CHANGE ORDER NO. 4
CARVINS COVE PHASE II
CONTRACT A-2, LARAMORE CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, INC.
Backqround on the subject in chronological order is as follows:
A. On March 7, 1994, City Council accepted a bid submitted by Laramor¢,
Construction Company, Inc. for the Carvins Cove Phase II water main
project, Contract A-2.
B. Work was started on the project as of May 23, 1994.
II.
Current situation is as follows:
The proiect extends a water main from Williamson Road at Plantation
Road southward to Florist Road near Verndale Drive. The plans prepared
by Dewberry & Davis propose an alignment for a portion of the new
pipeline to follow on the western side of Williamson Road (Route 11)
between Greenway Drive and Manor Drive. The proposed corridor is
located in a public right of way crowded with existing underground
utilities and difficult terrain. These conditions eliminate use of the
proposed corridor without costly utility relocations. Since these utilities
are located in the state-owned right of way, the cost of relocation would
be the responsibility of the City. The estimated cost to relocate these
utilities is approximately $225,000. All other alternatives routes would
require the acquisition of additional easements across private property.
B. City staff and the consultant have met several times with the Virginia
Department of Transportation (VDOT) to gain approval for laying the
proposed pipeline under the existing southbound lane of Route 11. This
new alignment has been approved by VDOT. The new alignment
requires restoration of pavement and maintenance of traffic during
construction not anticipated in the original bid. Change Order No. 4, in
the amount of $169,074.65 provides for all work items associated with
the changed alignment as detailed below.
Honorable Mayor and Members of City Council
CHANGE ORDER NO. 4
CARVlNS COVE PHASE II
CONTRACT A-2, LARAMORE CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, INC.
March 13, 1996
Page 2
Delete 3000 LF 36" watermain @ $122.00 per LF
Add 3000 LF 36" watermain @ $162.22 per LF
Add 4 - 36" 45° bends @ $5,100.00 each
Additional rock excavation 500 CY @ $56.00 per CY
9(366,000.00)
486,674.65
20,400.00
28,000.00
Total 9 169,074.65
Current funds were encumbered in the original contract amount of
$1,469,735.00 for this contract.
Original Contract Amount
Change Order No. 1
Change Order No. 2
Change Order No. 3
Proposed Change Order No. 4
$1,469,735.00
2,771.00
69,195.00
475.00
169,074.65
New Contract Amount
91,711,250.65
III.
Issues in order of importance are as follows:
A. Funding
B. Cost
C. Schedule
IV.
Alternatives in order of feasibility are as follows:
A. Approve Change Order No. 4 to the contract with Laramore Construction
Company, Inc., in the amount of 9169,074.65.
Funding in the amount of 996,000.00 is available in account
number 002-056-8370-9001, Carvins Cove Phase II Contract B-2,
and may be transferred to account number 002-056-8373-9001,
Carvins Cove Phase II Contract A-2. Funds remaining in the
Honorable Mayor and Members of City Council
CHANGE ORDER NO. 4
CARVINS COVE PHASE II
CONTRACT A-2, LARAMORE CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, INC.
March 13, 1995
Page 3
project contingency can be used to fund the remainder of the
proposed change order.
2. Cost is fair and reflects current market conditions.
3. Schedule for completion will be accomplished.
Do not approve Chanqe Order No. 4 to the contract with Laramore
Construction Company, Inc. in the amount of $169,074.65.
Funding remains available in the project contingency fund.
Cost is not an issue.
Schedule will be delayed.
Recommendation is as follows:
City Council concur in alternative "A" and take the following actions:
Authorize the execution of Change Order No. 4 in the amount of
$169,074.65 to the contract with Laramore Construction Company, Inc.
Transfer $96,000.00 from account number 002-056-8370-9001, Carvins
Cove Phase II Contract B-2 to account number 002-056-8373-9OO1,
Carvins Cove Phase II Contract A-2.
Respectfully submitted,
W. Robert Herbert
City Manager
WRH/PCS/kh
Honorable Mayor and Members of City Council
CHANGE ORDER NO. 4
CARVlNS COVE PHASE II
CONTRACT A-2, LARAMORE CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, INC.
March 13, 1995
Page 4
CC:
City Attorney
City Clerk
Director of Finance
Director of Public Works
Director of Utilities and Operations
Assistant to City Manager for Community Relations
City Engineer
Construction Cost Technician
Accountant, Contracts and Fixed Assets
Budget Administrator
MARY F. PARKER, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
CITY OF ROANOKE
OFFICE OF THE CITY CLERK
215 Church Avenue, S.W. Room 456
Roanoke, Virginia 24011 -1536
Telephone: (703) 981-2541
SANDRA H. EAKIN
Deputy Cit3, Clerk
March 17, 1995
File #468-514
Aaron J. Conner, President
Aaron J. Conner General
Contractor, Inc.
P. O. Box 6068
Roanoke, Virginia 24017
Dear Mr. Conner:
I tun enclosing copy of Ordinance No. 32400-031395 approving the City Manager's
issuance of Change Order No. 2 to the Ci~s contract with Aaron J. Conner General
Contractor, Inc., in connection with Carvins Cove Filter Plant Improvements - Phase II,
Contract B-2, in a credit mount of $261,255.79, for a total contract amount, including
Change Order No. 2, of $2,095,093.61. Ordinance No. 32400-031395 was adopted by the
Council of the City of Roanoke at a regular meeting held on Monday, March 13, 1995.
Mary F. Parker, CMC/AAE
City Clerk
MFP:sm
Eric.
IN THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROANOKE, VIRGINIA,
The 13th day of I~arch, 1995.
No. 32400-031395.
AN ORDINANCE approving the City Manager's issuance of Change Order No. 2 to the
City's contract with Aaron J. Conner, General Contractor, Inc, in connection with Carvins Cove
Filter Plant Improvements - Phase II, Contract B-2; and providing for an emergency.
BE IT ORDAINED by the Council of the City of Roanoke that:
1. The City Manager or the Assistant City Manager is authorized and empowered to
issue, for and on behalf of the City, upon form approved by the City Attorney, Change Order No. 2
to the City's contract with Aaron J. Conner, General Contractor, Inc., in connection with Carvins
Cove Filter Plant Improvements - Phase II, Contract B-2.
Such Change Order shall provide for the following changes in the work to be
performed:
ORIGINAL CONTRACT AMOUNT
CHANGE ORDER NO. 1:
$ 2,473,685.40
$ (117,336.00)
CHANGE ORDER NO. 2:
Various adjustments for changes to plans to meet field
conditions and operational needs as more specifically
set forth in Attachment A to the City Manager's report.
$ (261,255.79)
CONTRACT AMOUNT INCLUDING CHANGE ORDER NO.2 $ 2,095,093.61
ADDITIONAL TIME REQUIRED FOR CHANGE ORDER
NONE
3. In order to provide for the usual daily operation of the municipal government, an
emergency is deemed to exist, and this ordinance shall be in full force and effect upon its passage.
ATTEST:
City Clerk.
Honorable Mayor, and Members of City Council
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mayor Bowers and Members of City Council:
Subject: CHANGE ORDER NO. 2
CARVlNS COVE PHASE II
CONTRACT B-2 (CREDIT)
Roanoke, Virginia
March 13, 1995
Report No. 95-119
Backqround on the subject in chronological order is as follows:
A. Acceptance of a bid submitted by Aaron J. Conner General Contractor,
Inc. for Carvins Cove Phase II, Contract B-2, was made by City Council
on June 28, 1993.
B. Work was started on the project as of October 7, 1993.
II.
Current situation is as follows:
The project extends a water main from the vicinity of Hollins Road at the
Norfolk Southern Railroad southward generally following Hollins Road to
Orange Avenue.
Several changes to the plans have been needed to meet field conditions
and operational needs. A listing of additions and credits is included as
attachment A. The net effect of all changes is a credit in the amount of
$261,255.79. Work on the project is complete except for minor punch
list items.
Current funds are encumbered in the amount of $2,473,685.40 for this
contract.
1. Original contract amount $2,473,685.40
2. Change Order No. 1 ($117,336.00)
3. Proposed Change Order No. 2 ($261,255.79)
4. New Contract amount $2,095,093.61
Honorable Mayor and Members of City Council
CHANGE ORDER NO. 2
CARVINS COVE PHASE II
CONTRACT B-2
March 13, 1995
Page 2
III. Issues in order of importance are as follows:
A. Funds
B. Cost
IV.
Alternatives in order of feasibility are as follows:
A. Approve Chanqe Order No. 2 to the contract with Aaron J. Conner
General Contractor, Inc, in the credit amount of $261,255.79.
1. Funds will be made available for other projects.
2. Cost is reasonable and reflects current market conditions and
contract prices.
B. Do not approve Change Order No. 2 to the contract with Aaron J.
Conner General Contractor, Inc., in the amount of $261,255.79
1. Funds remain encumbered in the project contract.
2. Cost is not an issue.
V. Recommendation:
City Council approve Alternative "A" thereby authorizing the execution
of Change Order No. 2 in the credit amount of $261,255.79 to the
contract with Aaron J. Conner General Contractor, Inc.
Respectfully submitted,
W. Robert Herbert
City Manager
WRH/PCS/fm
Honorable Mayor and Members of City Council
CHANGE ORDER NO. 2
CARVINS COVE PHASE II
CONTRACT B-2
March 13, 1995
Page 3
CC:
City Attorney
City Clerk
Director of Finance
Director of Public Works
Director of Utilities & Operations
Manager, Water Department
Assistant to the City Manager for Community Relations
City Engineer
Construction Cost Technician
Accountant, Contracts and Fixed Assets
Budget Administrator
Manager, General Services
Attachment A
ATTACHMENT A
CONTRACT B- 2
ITEM
16" Tapping Valve Loudon Ave.
16x8, 8x8 tap
12x12 tap in Courtland
Rock @ Carver & williamson
Leftover Structures
2" water line
12" water line
16" water line
24" water line
2" ball valve w/ manhole
6" gate valve
8" gate valve
12" gate valve
16" butterfly valve w/vault
12" combination air vacuum
valve
24" combination air vacuum
valve
12" blow off valve
16" blow off valve
24" blow off valve
Steel Encasement
Tunnelling
6" ductile sanitary
8" ductile sanitary
10" ductile iron sewer
12" ductile sewer
16" ductile sanitary
30" ductile iron sewer
Standard Manholes
Rock
UNIT COST
1 $ 8,087.00
1 3,236.71
1 2,759.08
1 4,108.25
1 4,243.69
1 (33.20)
215 (72.05)
456.5 94.35
1,398.37 (96.80)
1 (432.15)
1 (592.00)
1 692.00
2 1,035.00
2 (4,850.00)
2 (1,674.00)
7 (2,690.00)
4 (2,100.00)
3 (2,400.00)
16 (4,500.00)
90 (710.00)
61 956.00
224 54.50
334.5 56.50
120 (58.50)
115 70.00
8O (130.00)
20 (5O0.00)
1 1,440.00
9,O55 (0.O2)
TOTAL
TOTAL
8,087.00
3,236.71
2,759.08
4,108.25
4,243.69
(7,138.00)
(32,890.00)
2,028.53
(135,362.22)
(432.15)
(592.00)
692.00
2,070.00
(9,700.00)
(3,348.00)
(18,830.00)
(8,400.00)
(7,200.00)
(72,000.00)
(63,900.00)
58,136.00
12,208.00
18,899.25
(7,020.00)
8,050.00
(10,400.00)
(lO,000.00)
1,440.00
(iS1.10)
IN THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF RO~-NOKE, VIRGINIA
The 13th day of March, 1995.
No. 32401-031395.
AN ORDINANCE to amend and reordain certain sections of the
1994-95 General Fund Appropriations, and providing for an
emergency.
WHEREAS,
Government of the
exist.
Roanoke
Appropriations, be,
to read as follows,
for the usual daily operation of the Municipal
City of Roanoke, an emergency is declared to
THEREFORE, BE
that certain
IT ORDAINED by the Council of the City of
sections of the 1994-95 General Fund
and the same are hereby, amended and reordained
in part:
General Fund
Appropriations
Public Works $ 21,228,404
Snow Removal (1-3) ................................. 211,966
Nondepartmental 49,106,948
Contingency - General Fund (4) ...................... (473,512)
1) Overtime Wages
2) FICA
3) Chemicals
4) Contingency
(001-052-4140-1003) $ 15,000
(001-052-4140-1120) 1,025
(001-052-4140-2045) 45,850
(001-002-9410-2199) (61,875)
BE IT FURTHER ORDAINED that, an emergency existing, this
Ordinance shall be in effect from its passage.
ATTEST:
City Clerk.
March 13, 1995
Council Report No. 95-120
The Honorable David A. Bowers,
and Members of City Council
Roanoke, Virginia
Mayor
Dear Mayor Bowers and Council Members:
Subject: Snow Emergency Operations -
January and February, 1995
I. Background:
Major snow and ice storms occurred in the Roanoke Valley
on January 6, 7, 28, 29 and February 1, 4, 15, 1995.
These storms deposited nearly 12 inches of snow and ice
accumulation at the Roanoke Regional Airport.
Bo
1994-95 Budget includes $110,120 for snow and ice removal
from the City streets and rights-of-ways, for overtime
salaries, supplies, and chemicals; other operating
accounts are used for regular salary and equipment costs.
II. Current Situation:
City employees have returned to their regular duties at
this time.
Bo
Approximately 1,878 hours of reqular time and 2,925 hours
of overtime has been expended plowing and spreading salt
and abrasives on streets, keeping equipment in service,
etc. This salary cost to date has been approximately
$57,084.
City equipment has operated more than 3,353 hours. Cost
of fuel, parts, and supplies to date is in excess of
$4,925.
2,255 tons of rock salt and abrasives have been spread on
streets & bridges. The values of these products has been
more than $101,938.
Eo
Total cost to the City for snow and ice removal efforts
so far this season has been approximately $163,947.
III.
Issues:
A. Supplies and Materials.
B. Funding.
Mayor Bowers and Council Members
Page 2
IV. Alternatives:
City Council authorize the transfer of $45,850 from the
General Fund Contingency Account No. 001-002-9410-2199 to
the Snow Removal Budget.
Supplies and Materials can be restored to a
comfortable level in anticipation of more wintery
weather this season, or preparation for next year.
Fundinq is available in the General Fund Contingency
Account.
Bo
City Council not authorize the transfer of $45,850 from
the General Fund Contingency Account No. 001-002-9410-
2199 to the Snow Removal Budget.
Supplies and Materials could not be restocked, and
we would soon be completely out of salt and
abrasives to spread on icy streets and bridges.
2. Funding would remain available in the existing
accounts.
Vo
Recommendation:
City Council approve Alternative A, authorizing the transfer
of $45,850 from the General Fund Contingency Account No. 001-
002-9410-2199 to the following Snow Removal account.
Chemicals No. 001-052-4140-2045 45,850
Respectfully submitted,
W. Robert Herbert
City Manager
WRH:WLS:rla
pc:
Mr. Wilburn C. Dibling, Jr., City Attorney
Mr. James D. Grisso, Director of Finance
Mr. William F. Clark, Director of Public Works
IN THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROANOKE, VIR(~INIA
The 13th day of March, 1995.
No. 32402-031395.
AN ORDINANCE to amend and reordain certain sections of the
1994-95 General, Capital Projects and Utility Line Services Funds, and
providing for an emergency.
WHEREAS, for the usual daily operation of the Municipal
Government of the City of Roanoke, an emergency is declared to exist.
THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED by the Council of the City of Roanoke
that certain sections of the 1994-95 General, Capital Projects and
Utility Line Services Funds, be, and the same are hereby, amended and
reordained to read as follows, in part:
General Fund
A o 'ations
Public Safety $ 32,470
Fire Operations (1) ................................ 9,803
Parks, Recreation and Cultural 5,046
Libraries (2)
Public Works ...................................... 1,993
21,316
Parks Maintenance (3). 3,638
Communications (4) .... ~[~[~[~[~[[~[[[ 2,069
Nondepartmental 49,170.
Transfers to Other Funds (5) ....................... 48,145
Fund Balance
526
612
322
525
529
440
826
833
695
Reserved Capital Maintenance and Equipment
Replacement Program - City (6) .....................
1,006,838
Canital Progects Fund
A ro r'ations
Judicial Administration
J & DR Court Renovation (7) ........................
Utility Line Service-
A o iat'ons
Capital Outlay (8) ...................................
33,210
33,210
385,730
Retained Earninas
Retained Earnings
Unrestricted (9) ...................................
$ 1,641,762
1)
(001-050-3213-2035) $ 40,295
2) (001-054-7310-9015) 38,000
3) (001-052-4340-3005) 75,000
4) (001-050-4130-9015) 75,000
5)
Expendable
Equipment
Other Equipment
Project Supplies
Other Equipment
Transfer to
Capital Projects
Fund (001-004-9310-9508) 2,010
6) Reserved CMERP -
City (001-3323) (230,305)
7) Appropriated from
General Revenue (008-052-9687-9003) 2,010
8) Other Equipment (016-056-2626-9015) 25,277
9) Retained Earnings-
Unrestricted (016-3336) (25,277)
BE IT FURTHER ORDAINED that, an emergency existing, this Ordinance
shall be in effect from its passage.
ATTEST:
City Clerk.
Roanoke, Vlrglnla
March 13, 1995
Report No. 95-314
Honorable Mayor and Members of City Council
Roanoke, Virginia
Dear Mayor Bowers and Members of Council:
SUBJECT: Fund Appropriations
I. Background on the subject in chronological order is:
The General Fund Capital Maintenance and Equipment
Replacement Program has identified needs and
projects for various City Departments.
The items identified are needed for the continued
efficient and effective performance of assigned
responsibilities and support for various City
projects.
A listing of the items identified in this request
for Fund Appropriations is shown on Attachment "A"
of this report.
Ail items listed on Attachment "A" will be procured
in accordance with the procurement section of the
Code of the City of Roanoke.
II. Current Situation is:
It is necessary for City Council to appropriate
Funds from the General Fund Capital Maintenance and
Equipment Replacement Program to provide for the
purchase of those items listed on Attachment "A".
III. Issues in order of importance are:
A. Need
B. Funding
C. Timing
IV. Alternatives in order of Feasibility are:
Fund Appropriations
Page 2
City Council aDDropriate $255,582.00 to various
City Department accounts to provide for the
appropriation of items listed on Attachment "A" of
this report.
Need for requested items has been justified to
allow for effective and efficient continued
performance of assigned duties and projects by
those departments listed.
Fundinq totalling $255~582 is available in the
General Fund Capital Maintenance and Equipment
Programs and Utility Line Services Prior Year
Retained Earnings account.
Timinq will allow the requested items to be
procured in the most efficient fashion.
B. City Council not appropriate $255~582 to various
accounts.
Need for the acquisitions of necessary items
and services would not be addressed in this
alternative.
Fundinq for needed requested items would not
be expended at this time.
Timinq in the acquisition of needed equipment
and services would not be accomplished in the
most expedient manner.
Recommendation is that City Council concur with
Alternative "A" and appropriate $255,582 as follows:
$230~305 from General Fund Capital Maintenance and
Equipment Replacement Program as follows:
1. $40~295 to Fire Department account 001-050-
3213-2035
2. $38~000 to Library account 001-054-7310-9015
3. $75~000 to Parks and Grounds Maintenance
account 001-052-4340-3005
$2~010 to Juvenile and Domestic Relations
Court Capital account 008-052-9687-9065
Fund Appropriations
Page 3
cc:
5. $75~000 to Communications Department account
001-050-4130-9015
$25,277 from Utility Line Services Prior Year
Retained Earnings account to Utility Line Services
account 016-056-2625-9015
Respectfully Submitted,
W. Robert Herbert
City Manager
City Clerk
City Attorney
Director of Finance
Director of Utilities & Operations
Director of Public Works
Director of Public Safety
Director of Human Resources
Management & Budget
Attachment "A"
Fire
170 Self Contained Breathing Apparatus
Mask
$40,295
Library
Microfilm Readers/Printers
38,000
Parks and Grounds Maintenance
City Wide Reforestation Program - Phase I
Repair Ballfields
25,000
50,000
Utility Line Services
Skid Steer Loader for Warehouse
Storage in Pipe Lot
25,277
Juvenile and Domestic Relation~Court
Court Renovations
2,010
Communications
Telephone replacement equipment for
City Jail, Personnel Department,
Juvenile and Domestic Relations
Court and Building Inspections
75t000
Total
DAVID A. BOWERS
Mayor
CITY OF ROANOKE
OFFICE OF THE MAYOR
215 Church Avenue, S.W., Room 452
Roanoke, Virginia 24011 - 1594
Telephone: (703) 981-2444
March 17, 1995
File #467
Third Grade Students
c/o Ms. Mercedes James
Falrview ]ementary School
648 Westwood Boulevard, N. W.
Rocmoke, Virginia 24017
Dear Boys and Girls:
I ~u~, pleased to acknowledge receipt of your communications which were delivered to me
by Council Member Delvis O. "Mac" McCadden on Monday, March 13, 1995. You made
some very interesting statements and I especially enjoyed your drawings.
Council Member McCadden advised that you hcrve inquired as to why people are
permitted to smoke in publ/c restaurants, and by copy of this letter, ! will request that our
City Attorney respond to your inquiry.
I am enclosing a brochure for each of you that contc~s photographs of the Members of
the Roanoke City Council and some other information that might be of interest about the
City of Roanoke, along with a pin that I hope you will enjoy wearing.
Best regards.
Sincerely,
Dcrvid A. Bowers
Mayor
DAB:sm
Third Grade Students
March 17, 1995
Page 2
pc:
The Honorable Delvis O. McCadden, Council Member, 25 W. Church Avenue,
Apartment One, Roanoke, Virgin/a 24011
E. Wcr:rne Harris, Superintendent of Roanoke City Public Schools
Wilburn C. Dibling, Jr., City Attorney
', J
.>- :. ":},:
CITY OF ROANOKE
INTERDEPARTMENTAL COMMUNICATION
DATE:
TO:
FROM:
SUBJECT:
December 14, 1993
Wilburn C. Dibling, Jr., City Attorney
Mary F. Parker, City Clerk .....
Expansion of membership of the Mill Mountain Development Committee
I am attaching a list of the membership of the Mill Mountain Development Committee.
Currently, seven persons serve on the Committee pursuant to a communication from
former Mayor Roy L. Webber under date of June 16, 1969. Mayor Webber's
appointment of the Committee was concurred in by Council on June 16, 1969.
Mayor Bowers has inquired if Council may expand the membership of the Mill
Mountain Development Committee by one additional member.
Your advice and assistance will be appreciated.
MFP: sm
Ene o
MILL MOUNTAIN DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE
39
Name
M. Carl Andrews
Elizabeth T. Bowles
** Frances S. Boon
Carl H. Kopttzke
Robert N. Fishburn
Betty C. Winfree
L. Thompson Hanes
David A. Bowers, Mayor
I.A. Term Endinq
6/16/69 1 year 6/30/94
7/13/92 6/30/94
11/23/87 1 year 6/30/94
1/21/86 1 year 6/30/94
6/16/69 1 year 6/30/94
2/1/82 1 year 6/30/94
7/13/87 1 year 6/30/94
Ex-Officio Member
Chairman:
PURPOSE:
NOTE:
INFORMATION
M. Carl Andrews
The purpose of the Mill Mountain Development Committee is to
advise Council on the desirable method of developing Mill
Mountain for the best advantage to the citizens of the City of
Roanoke as to aesthetics and recreation.
Council concurred in the appointments made by Mayor Webber on
June 16, 1969.
*I.A. denotes initial appointment
**N.R. denotes non-resident
(~of~16,1993)
425
ACTION:
ACTION:
COUNCIL: With respect to the Executive Session just
concluded, Mr. Edwards moved that each Member of City
Council certify to the best of his or her knowledge that:
(1) only public business matters lawfully exempted from
open meeting requirements under the Virginia Freedom of
Information Act; and (2) only such public business
matters as were identified in any motion by which any
Executive Session was convened were heard, discussed or
considered by City Council. The motion was seconded by
Mr. Musser and adopted by the following vote:
AYES: Council Members Harvey, McCadden, Musser,
White, Bowles, Edwards and Mayor Bowers ................ 7.
NAYS: None ....................................... 0.
OATHS OF OFFICE-COMMITTEES-PARKS AND RECREATION:
Mrs. Bowles moved that the membership of the Mill
Mountain Development Committee be expanded by one
additional member. The motion was seconded by Mr.
McCadden and unanimously adopted.
Mrs. Bowles placed in nomination the name of
Ralph K. Smith as a member of the Mill Mountain
Development Committee.
There being no further nominations, Mr. Smith was
elected as a member of the Mill Mountain Development
Committee, for a term ending June 30, 1994, by the
following vote:
ACTION: FOR MR. SMITH: Council Members Harvey, McCadden,
Musser, White, Bowles, Edwards and Mayor Bowers ........ 7.
There being no further business, the Mayor declared the
meeting adjourned at 10:25 p.m.
APPROVED
City Clerk
Mayor
WILBURN C. DIBMNG, JR.
CITY A~rORNEY
CITY OF ROANOKE
OFFICE OF CITY ATTORNEY
464 MUNICIPAL BUILDING
215 CHURCH AVENUE, SW
ROANOKE, VIRGINIA 24011-1595
TELECOPIER: 703-224-3071
March 13, 1995
WILLIAM X PARSONS
STEVEN J. TALEVI
KATHLEEN MARIE KRONAU
GLADYS L. YATES
ASSISTANT CIT~F ATTORNEYS
The Honorable Mayor and Members
of City Council
Roanoke, Virginia
Re: Modified election district system
Dear Mayor Bowers and Council Members:
I understand that Council Member Wyatt will make the enclosed
motion relating to the modified election district system at the
Council meeting of March 13, 1995. For your information, I am
enclosing my report of August 8, 1994, on this subject and the
report of the Citizens Task Force to Study Alternative Election
Procedures for Roanoke City Council, dated July 13, 1992.
Should any member of City Council have questions on this
important public issue, please do not hesitate to contact me.
With kindest personal regards, I am
Sincerely yours,
Wilburn C. Dibling, Jr.
City Attorney
WCD:f
Enclosure
cc: Wo Robert Herbert, City Manager
Mary F. Parker, City Clerk
I move that City Council endorse a referendum
in connection with the November 7, 1995,
general election as to the issue of election
of City Council members under a modified
election district system.
The City Manager and the City Attorney are
requested to present alternatives for a
modified election district system including,
but not limited to: (1) a seven-member
Council with four and five election districts;
and (2) a nine-member Council with four, five
and six election districts.
The City Manager is requested to provide
planning, demographic and statistical support
required to divide the City into four, five
and six election districts without dilution of
minority voting strength, honoring the
principle of one person, one vote, and
observing other required legal principles.
The City Attorney is requested to advise as to
the applicable legal principles and the legal
ramifications of each alternative.
The City Manager and City Attorney may make
such progress reports to Council as they deem
appropriate and shall render their final
report as to alternatives by June 12, 1995, in
order that City Council may obtain citizen
comment and select the Council's preferred
alternative by July 31, 1995.
WILSURN C. OlBtlNG, JR.
CITY OF ROANOKE
OFFICE OF CITY ATTORNEY
464 MUNICIPAL BUIL0~NG
215 CHURCH AVENUE. SW
ROANOKE, VIRGINIA 24011-1595
August 8, 1994
5.b, 1.
The Honorable Mayor and Men~bers
of City Council
Roanoke, Virginia
Re: City Council election procedures - proposal
to adopt a modified election district system
Dear Mayor Bowers and Members of Council:
At the regular meeting of City Council held on July 11, 1994,
several citizens addressed Council advocating the election of
Council members under a modified election district system wherein
five members of Council would be elected from districts (sometimes
referred to as "wards") and the Mayor and Vice-Mayor would be
elected at large. Council thereafter referred this matter to the
City Attorney for review and report with respect to "all aspects"
of the proposal. I am pleased to submit this opinion which
attempts to address Council's broad request.
QUESTIONS PRESENTED AND ANSWERS
Is the City legally required to modify its current
election procedures for City Council?
ANSWER: No.
2. What legal principles must be adhered to in
devising an election district system?
ANSWER: The legal principles are summarized in
Attachment A.
May a referendum be held to determine the will of
the elcctorate with respect to an election district
plan selected by Council?
The Honorable Mayor and Members
of City Council
August 8, 1994
Page 2
ANSWER: Yes, pursuant to Charter amendment
procedures.
Is a referendum required to change election
procedures for City Council?
ANSWER: No.
What are the major procedural steps
establishment of an election district system?
in
ANSWER:
The major procedural steps are summarized
in Attachment B.
What alternatives are available to City Council in
devising a new election district system?
ANSWER:
Some of the alternatives are summarized
in Attachment C.
Once an election district system is established,
may Council thereafter revert back to a total at-
large election system should the new system prove
undesirable?
ANSWER: No.
DISCUSSION OF LAW
Background
Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, as amended,
prohibits the "denial or abridgement of the right of any citizen of
the United States to vote on account of race or color." 42 U.S.C.
~1973(a). The Act is violated where the "totality of the
circumstances" reveals that "the political processes leading to
nomination or election...are not equally open to participation by
members of a [protected class]...in that its memJ~ers have less
opportunity than other members of the electorate to participate in
the political process and to elect representatives of their
choice." 42 U.S.C. ~1973(b). In 1982, Congress amended Section 2
to make clear that a violation can be proven by showing
discriminatory effect alone; no showing of intent to discriminate
is required.
Section 2 challenges to election practices usually allege that
the practices "dilute" the voting strength of a minority group.
The Honorable Mayor and Members
of City Council
August 8, 1994
Page 3
Generally, dilution of minority voting strength occurs where white
and black voters regularly prefer different candidates and the
existing election system permits the white voters, simply by virtue
of their greater numbers, to regularly defeat the candidates
supported by black residents. In the words of the Act, "[t]he
extent to which members of a protected class have been elected to
office in the state or political subdivision is one circumstance
which may be considered [in determining whether there has been vote
dilution]". 42 U.S.C. S1973(b).
Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act applies to Virginia and all
of its localities as well as certain other jurisdictions throughout
the country. This section requires that every change in voting
laws and practices (no matter how small) must be "precleared" by
the Department of Justice. Under Section 5, any change in City
Council election procedures must be submitted to the Department and
precleared before it can be put into effect to conduct an election.
The legal standard to show compliance with Section 5 is proof that
the change "does not have the purpose and will not have the effect
of denying or abridging the right to vote on account of race or
color."
Section 2 and Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act are
intertwined. Under the regulations governing the Section 5
preclearance process, the Department of Justice will deny
preclearance if the proposed change constitutes a "clear violation
of amended Section 2." The purpose of preclearance is "...to
insure that no voting-procedure changes would be made that would
lead to retrogression in the position of racial minorities with
respect to their effective exercise of the electoral franchise."
Beer v. United States, 425 U.S. 130, 138 (1976). Preclearance
under Section 5, however, does not bar any later court challenge
under Section 2. 28 C.F.R. S51.55 (July 1, 1989).
Whether There is Any Legal Requirement
That the City Modify its Current
City Council Election Procedures
City Council has requested that the City Attorney review and
report with respect to "all aspects" of the proposal to change from
Council's current election system to a modified election district
system. Compliance with Council's direction requires consideration
of whether there is any legal requirement that our current election
system be changed.
In Thornburg v. Glnqles, 478 U.S. 30 (1986), the Supreme Court
of the United States stated that at-large electoral systems are not
The Honorable Mayor
of City Council
August 8, 1994
and Members
Page 4
per se illegal.' Furthermore, the language of amended Section 2
states that an electoral system's dilutive effect must be judged on
the "totality of circumstances," and the extent to which minorities
have been elected to office is one circumstance which may be
considered in the "totality of circumstances". While recognizing
that a Section 2 violation ultimately depends upon the "totality of
circumstances", the Court set forth three threshold requirements
that must be proven by a plaintiff to succeed in a dilution case.
These requirements are as follows:
That the minority group is sufficiently large and
geographically compact enough to constitute a
majority in a single member district;
2. That the minority group votes cohesively; and
That white voters vote sufficiently as a bloc to
usually defeat the minority's preferred candidates.
As to the first precondition, the minority group must be able
to show at least a voting age majority in one election district
that meets normal redistricting criteria and when compared with the
other districts has no more than ten percent (10%) total population
deviation. 1990 Census data establishes that the first
precondition would be met within the City of Roanoke. Based on
election returns considered as part of the Roanoke Metropolitan
Government Section 5 Preclearance Submission (May 30, 1990), it
appears that black citizens within the City may vote cohesively
and, hence, the second precondition might be met.
Whether the third precondition of Gingles could be met by
plaintiffs attacking the City's voting procedures would be a key
issue in any challenge. This condition requires that white voters
vote (1) as a bloc (2) to usually defeat the minority's preferred
candidates. The concept of "minority preferred candidates" was
clarified by the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals in Collins v. City
of Norfolk, 883 F.2d 1232 (4th Cir. 1989), cert. denied, 111 S.Ct.
340 (1990), which involved a challenge to an at-large election
system for the Norfolk City Council. In Collins, the Court ruled
that the election of a candidate who was supported by more than 50%
of minority voters did not necessarily count as a minority
electoral success if there were other candidates preferred by
significantly higher percentages of the minority community who were
not elected. 883 F.2d at 1238.
Although the Norfolk case's definition of "minority preferred
candidate" may complicate the defense of at-large systems, review
of Roanoke election statistics would suggest that the third
The Honorable Mayor and Members
of City Council
August 8, 1994
Page 5
precondition of Ginqles could not be met in our case. This City
has a long history of black representation on City Council
beginning with Dr. Noel C. Taylor's election to City Council in
1970. Moreover, there is considerable evidence to refute any
allegation of racially polarized voting in the City. In 1976, Dr.
Taylor was first elected Mayor when he received 37% of the white
vote in a field of five candidates, outpolling three other white
candidates. In 1980, no white candidate ran against Mayor Taylor
notwithstanding the fact that the City was at this time
approximately 78% white. Although he ran unopposed, 78% of the
white voters still pulled the lever by his name. By contrast, the
percentage of black voters supporting Dr. Taylor was only 9 points
higher at 87%. In 1984, Mayor Taylor ran for reelection against
one white candidate, a contest which should provide a reasonable
indicator of electoral prospects of a black candidate in a head to
head contest with an incumbent white City Council member. In that
election, it is estimated that Mayor Taylor received 79.6% of the
black vote and 68.6% of the white vote. This election provides
strong evidence of the ability of a black candidate in this City to
garner a large majority of white votes. In 1988, Mayor Taylor
again ran unopposed receiving votes from 87.3% of the black voters
turning out and 80.2% of the white vote.
Minority electoral success in the City has not been limited to
Dr. Taylor. In 1980, Dr. Wendell Butler was elected Vice-Mayor
after winning the most votes in a field of six candidates in which
he was the only black candidate. In 1990, william White, Sr., was
elected to City Council, carrying 27 of 32 precincts. In 1992,
Delvis O. "Mac" McCadden was elected to City Council, running third
in a crowded field of six candidates. In 1994, Mr. White was
reelected to City Council, running second in a field of five
candidates in which he was the only minority candidate.
These results demonstrate several things. First, a black
candidate in Roanoke can win elections in head to head contests
against white candidates even though black adults comprise only
21.8% of the voting age population according to the 1990 Census.
Second, substantial pluralities and even majorities of white voters
will vote for black candidates in contested elections. Previously
discussed election results establish that there is strong evidence
to defeat any allegation of racially polarized voting in this City.
Thus, it would be extremely difficult for any challenger to the
City's current electoral system to prove that white voters vote
sufficiently as a bloc to usually defeat the minority's preferred
candidates.
Furthermore, the third precondition of Gingles cannot be met
if there has been consistent achievement of "proportional or nearly
The Honorable Mayor and Members
of City Council
August 8, 1994
Page 6
proportional" representation. 478 U.S. at 77. In Ginqles, the
Supreme Court reversed the finding of vote dilution by the trial
court as to one multi-member district where black voters, in each
of six previous elections, had elected one of three members (33% of
the representation) in a district in which they constituted 36.2%
of the total population and 28.6% of the registered voters. In a
case just decided by the Supreme Court on June 30, 1994, Johnson v.
DeGrandy, __ U. S. __, 62 U.S.L.W. 4755, the Supreme Court
revisited the proportionality issue. In this case, Hispanic and
black voters in the Dade County area of Florida challenged
Florida's reapportionment plan for the State's single-member Senate
and House districts contending that the plan diluted the voting
strength of Hispanics and blacks. Evidence established that
Hispanics in the Dade County area could constitute a majority in
eleven House and four Senate districts, but the Florida plan gave
Hispanics only nine House and three Senate districts. As to black
residents, evidence established that one more majority black Senate
district could have been drawn. Although the Supreme Court
recognized that the Florida plan had not maximized the number of
minority districts, the plan had achieved substantial
proportionality; therefore, the Court held that there were no
grounds for holding that the Florida plan diluted the voting
strength of minority voters. While proportionality is not
dispositive as to dilution, the Court said, it is a relevant fact
in the "totality of circumstances"
Considering the "totality of circumstances" as to the City of
Roanoke, a strong case can be made that the City's at-large voting
system has no dilutive voting effect on black voting rights.
According to the 1990 Census, the City's black voting age
population is 21.8%. Yet, since 1990, black citizens have held
28.6% (2 out of 7) of the seats on City Council. From 1980 to
1984, black citizens also achieved representation of 28.6% although
the 1980 Census indicated black voter age population of only
19.05%. Although black residents held only one of seven seats on
City Council from 1984 to 1990, representation of 14.3% does not
fall substantially short of black voter age population at the time.
In any case, recent history establishes that a politically cohesive
black community can elect its candidates to City Council in numbers
proportional to black voting strength in the City at-large.
A second decision of the Supreme Court of the United States
announced on June 30, 1994, also supports the proposition that the
City's current at-large system does not violate the Voting Rights
Act. Holder v. Hall, __ U.S. , 62 U.S.L.W. 4728 (June 30,
1994), upheld a unique at-large voting system utilized in a small
number of rural counties in Georgia. In these counties, a single
commissioner is elected to perform all executive and legislative
The Honorable Mayor and Members
of City Council
August 8, 1994
Page 7
functions. In 1985, the state legislature authorized the county to
adopt by referendum a multi-member commission consisting of five
members elected from single-member districts and a chairman elected
at-large, but voters defeated the proposal. Thereafter, black
citizens who comprised 20% of the eligible voting population of the
county challenged the system alleging that it diluted black voting
strength under the Voting Rights Act. Black voters sought to have
the county broken up into five districts in which they would be
assured of at least one majority-minority district. In analyzing
whether the Gingles preconditions were met and whether the
"totality of the circumstances" supported a finding of liability,
the Court noted that it must find a reasonable alternative practice
as a benchmark against which to measure the existing voting
practice. The Court explained that, in order to decide whether an
electoral system has made it harder for minority voters to elect
the candidates they prefer, the Court must first have an idea of
how hard it should be for minority voters to elect their preferred
candidates under an acceptable system. Because the Court found no
principled reason why one size governing body should be selected
over another as a benchmark, the Court found no dilution, and,
therefore, no violation of the Voting Rights Act. Significantly,
Justice O'Conner explained in her concurring opinion that, in order
for an electoral system to dilute a minority group's voting power,
there must be an alternative system that would provide greater
electoral opportunity to minority voters. 62 U.S.L.W. at 4732.
In the case of the City of Roanoke, it is questionable whether
there is any alternative electoral system that would provide fairer
proportional representation for minority voters than the current
system. In fact, under the five election districts/two at-large
plan proposed at the Council meeting of July 11, 1994, minority
voting strength could be diluted. According to the Report of the
Citizens Task Force to Study Alternative Election Procedures (June
25, 1992), in a five election district system, two districts
composed of a simple majority of approximately 50% to 53% black
population could be drawn within the City. It is questionable
whether such election districts would assure minorities that they
could elect their desired candidates. Moreover, such election
districts fall short of the "super majority" districts of 60% or
more black population that would be sought by the Department of
Justice in the preclearance process.
In conclusion, available statistical data does not support the
existence of racially polarized voting in this City. White voters
do not vote as a bloc so as to usually defeat the mlnority's
preferred candidates; therefore, the third precondition of the
Ginqles test cannot be established. Moreover, the black community
has achieved proportional representation on Roanoke City Council.
The Honorable Mayor and Members
of City Council
August 8, 1994
Page 8
In order for the current system to dilute minority voting power,
there must be an alternative system that would provide greater
electoral opportunity to minority voters. Such system has not been
proposed to City Council.
Legal Principles to be Adhered To
In Devising an Election District System
If City Council desires to establish an election district
system, then it has some latitude in the configuration of this
system. Subject to several factors discussed below, the size of
City Council could be increased or decreased, and all Council
members could be elected from districts or a mixed system,
including election districts and at-large seats, could be adopted.
In any case, certain legal principles must be adhered to in
devising a new election system.
As previously noted, any change in City Council election
procedures must be submitted to the Department of Justice for
preclearance under Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act. In the
preclearance process, the City will be required to show that the
change "does not have the purpose and will not have the effect of
denying or abridging the right to vote on account of race or
color." While technically all that the Department of Justice
requires in order to preclear an amended voting plan is that there
be no "retrogression" in the opportunity for minorities to elect
candidates of their choice, i.e., that minorities be no worse off
than under the previous plan, Council will want to draft a plan
that provides for proportional representation of black citizens.
Anything less may not be precleared by the Department of Justice.
Proportional representation generally requires that a minority
group's representation on the governing body approximate the
minority group's strength in the total community. The Fourth
Circuit Court of Appeals has implied that approximate proportional
representation should be measured against the minority group's
"percentage of the total voting age constituency." McGhee v.
Granville County, 860 F.2d 110, 116 (4th Cir. 1988). While there
may be at-large seats as part of an election district plan,
minority representation on the governing body will be measured
against all seats rather than just the election district seats.
For example, assuming a nine member Council with seven district and
two at-large seats and minority population of 20% in a hypothetical
community, then you would want to create two black majority
districts out of the seven districts. Even though black citizens
would have 28.6% of the election district seats (two of seven)
under this scenario, they would only have 22.2% of the total seats
The Honorable Mayor and Members
of City Council
August 8, 1994
Page 9
(two of nine). To provide for two of nine safe seats for black
citizens on a nine member Council (22.2%) would provide
proportional representation in our hypothetical community with a
minority population of 20%. To draw less than two black majority
election districts under this scenario would invite objection from
the Department of Justice unless it could be shown that a black
candidate would clearly win an at-large seat.
In drawing election districts controlled by black citizens,
the City should attempt to provide a "super majority" of black
voters. This can be achieved by drawing districts that consist of
approximately 60 to 65% black population to address a generally
demographically younger black population, lower voter registration
and lower voter turnout. Our City may have some flexibility here
since a review of past election results in the City indicates a
higher percentage of black registrants voting than white
registrants.
In devising a new election system for City Council, there are
two principles that are preeminent and must always be observed.
The first, already discussed, is that there shall be no dilution of
minority voting strength. The second is that districts shall be
drawn "...to give, as nearly as is practical, representation in
proportion to the population of a district." Article VII, §5,
Constitution of Virginia. This principle, of course, has reference
to "one person, one vote." District plans with a total deviation
of less than 10 percent between the most populated and least
populated district are prima facie valid, and the case law suggests
that localities should draw districting plans with the goal of
substantial equality among districts and less than total deviation
of 10 percent. See White v. Regester, 412 U.S. 755 (1973).
The Constitution of Virginia also requires that districts
should be composed of contiguous and compact territory. Article
VII, S5. Contiguity requires that a district be one geographic
unit and not composed of separated parts. Compactness is far more
difficult to measure; case law, however, indicates that a lack of
compactness is generally evidence of inappropriate gerrymandering.
Election districts must also follow clearly defined and clearly
observable features. Section 24.2-305, Code of Virginia (1950), as
amended. ("State Code"). Examples of clearly defined and clearly
observable features are roads, highways, rivers, streams and other
permanent features.
In drawing district lines, population figures from the most
recent decennial United States Census should be utilized. In our
case, this requires the use of 1990 Census data. Census blocks
should not be split in drawing district lines. Following Census
The Honorable Mayor and Members
of City Council
August 8, 1994
Page 10
block boundaries makes it possible to use the Census counts to
determine the population of the district and avoids the necessity
to estimate the population in each part of any split block.
Finally, in drawing district lines, every attempt should be
made to accommodate "communities of interest" where such efforts
will not violate any of the legal principles discussed above.
House Resolution 57, adopted by the 1991 Session of the General
Assembly, for purposes of redistricting the House of Delegates
provides a helpful definition of "communities of interest" which is
as follows:
"...a recognizable area with similarities of interest,
including but not limited to racial, ethnic, geographic,
economic, social, cultural or historic interests, as well
as commonality of communications and transportation
links."
In reviewing voting rights submissions, the Department of
Justice typically considers whether the jurisdiction followed
objective guidelines and fair procedures in adopting any change.
In this regard, I would recommend that in drawing district
boundaries, objective guidelines be adopted which can be
demonstrated to have been adhered to in formulating the various
districts. Finally, the Department of Justice is always interested
in minority participation in the decision-making process as well as
whether minority concerns were considered in making any change.
Referendum
Since Virginia is a state that observes the Dillon Rule, local
government referenda (including advisory referenda) are not
permitted unless expressly authorized by the General Assembly.
Under S24.2-101, State Code, a referendum is a form of special
election, and special elections are governed by S~24.2-682 and
24.2-684 of the State Code. According to its terms, ~24.2-684
supersedes any other provision of law, including any municipal
charter. Section 24.2-684 provides, in pertinent part, as follows
with respect to referenda:
"No referendum shall be placed on the ballot,
unless specifically authorized by statute or
by charter."
The Honorable Mayor and Members
of City Council
August 8, 1994
Page 11
Since the Charte~ of the City of Roanoke has no provisions relating
to referenda except as to bonds, a referendum on new City Council
election procedures is not permitted unless specifically authorized
by State statute. Since no State statute specifically authorizes
a referendum for the purpose of determining the electorate's
opinion on an issue, an advisory referendum may not be held.
A referendum for the purpose of approving a proposed Charter
amendment establishing an election district system could be held.
Establishment of an election district system would require
amendment of the City Charter. Chapter 17, Governmental Charters,
of Title 15.1, State Code, establishes two alternative procedures
for amendment of municipal charters. See SS15.1-833 through 15.1-
835. The first procedure, requiring the conduct of a public
hearing as to proposed Charter amendments after the text or an
informative summary of any proposed amendment has been published in
a newspaper of general circulation at least ten days in advance of
the required public hearing, is the one that has commonly been used
by the City and with which City Council is familiar. See S15.1-
835. The second procedure, which has not recently been utilized in
this City, would permit the holding of a referendum with respect
to a proposed Charter amendment.
Specifically, S15.1-834 of the State Code permits a
municipality to hold an election to determine if the qualified
voters desire that the City Council request a certain amendment to
the City Charter from the General Assembly. No referendum may be
held under S15.1-834 except pursuant to Court order. See ~24.2-
684. The court order shall state the question to appear on the
ballot and shall set the date for the referendum. See ~24.2-684.
A referendum shall be ordered at least sixty days prior to the date
on which it will be held. See ~24.2-682. At least ten days prior
to holding of a referendum with respect to a proposed Charter
amendment, the text or an informative summary of such amendment
shall be published in a newspaper of general circulation. See
§15.1-834. If the majority of qualified voters participating in
such election support requesting the General Assembly to amend the
Charter, then the City Council will request members of the General
Assembly representing the City to introduce a bill at the next
Session of the General Assembly. See ~15.1-834. Voter approval
becomes null and void if a bill incorporating such Charter
amendments is not introduced at the next succeeding Session of the
General Assembly or, if at such Session, the General Assembly fails
to enact or passes by indefinitely any voter approved amendments.
See S15.1-834.
In conclusion, it is one of the two alternative procedures
available for amending the City Charter that authorizes a
The Honorable Mayor and Members
of City Council
August 8, 1994
Page t2
referendum as to City Council election procedures. Council may, of
course, elect to utilize the commonly relied upon Charter amendment
procedure that does not involve a referendum. No provision of
State or Federal law mandates a referendum prior to the
establishment of an election district system. If Council elects to
hold a referendum with respect to a Charter amendment relating to
City Council election procedures, the procedure followed will be
similar to that utilized in the case of a bond referendum. City
Council will recall that, with respect to bonds, City Council
adopts an ordinance authorizing the bond issue and providing for
its details, and then the qualified voters are asked whether they
approve Council's ordinance. In the case of a referendum with
respect to election districts, City Council would adopt an
ordinance or resolution asking the General Assembly to make
specifically enumerated amendments to the City Charter with respect
to election procedures, and then the qualified voters would be
asked whether they approve or disapprove the ordinance or
resolution adopted by City Council. General questions may not be
put to the electorate nor may the electorate be asked to select
from multiple choices.
Procedural Steps in Establishment
Of Election District System
Establishment of an election district plan would require
thorough analysis of the 1990 Census data by planners, demographers
and statisticians. The paramount issue in this analysis will be
how to provide for proportional representation of black citizens on
the new City Council, i.e. the percentage of safe black seats on
the entire Council should approximate the percentage of black
voters in the City at large. The proportional representation goal
will drive the determination of number of election districts, as
well as the total number of Council members.
Once the number of election districts and size of Council have
been determined, the next step in the development of a plan is the
drawing of election district boundaries. The process of drawing
election district boundaries is the quintessential political act.
Planners, demographers and statisticians, however, will be very
helpful in recommending districts that observe the one person, one
vote principle; that provide for minority "super majorities" where
required; that consider communities of interest; and that are
compact and contiguous and follow clearly observable boundaries.
The entire process leading up to approval of an election
district plan by City Council should provide for full opportunity,
through public notices, workshops and public hearings, for majority
The Honorable Mayor and Members
of City Council
August 8, 1994
Page 13
and minority citizen participation and comment. Whether there has
been full opportunity for black citizens to participate and comment
will be the subject of Department of Justice scrutiny. The citizen
participation process, which has been finely tuned in this City
government and utilized in explaining a plan of governmental
consolidation and in developing a comprehensive plan, should be
useful in obtaining full participation of the entire community in
making this fundamental decision. Of course, there are costs
associated with this type of sophisticated citizen participation
process, and Council will want to comsult with the City Manager in
this regard.
With the benefit of the recommendations of technical experts
and citizen comments, City Council would then adopt a plan,
including number of members of City Council, number of members
elected from districts and the boundaries of the districts. The
plan will take the form of a proposed Charter amendment which would
be drafted by the City Attorney.
If a referendum is to be held with respect to the proposed
Charter amendment, the City Attorney will then obtain an order from
the Circuit Court requiring the referendum and forward the order to
the State Board of Elections. Such order must be entered at least
sixty days in advance of the general election at which the
referendum will be held. Section 24.2-682, State Code. As soon as
the Circuit Court orders a referendum, the City Attorney will seek
preclearance from the Department of Justice as to the timing and
procedures surrounding conduct of the referendum. This initial
preclearance deals primarily with the timing of the referendum; the
Department of Justice will want to insure that the referendum is
not being held at a time when minorities would not vote.
Assuming approval by the electorate, the proposed Charter
amendments would then be submitted to the General Assembly for
approval. Section 4 of the City Charter would have to be amended,
specifying the number of seats on City Council, the number of
election district seets, the effective date of any change and the
terms of Council members. Since the terms of City Council members
are currently staggered, implementation of any new system would
probably require that the terms of some members of Council be cut
short.
The final step would be Department of Justice preclearance of
the plan as enacted by the General Assembly. Immediately upon the
Governor's signing of the Charter amendments, a full Section 5
Voting Rights Submission, similar to that which was prepared in
obtaining Justice Department preclearance of Roanoke Metropolitan
Government election districts, would be submitted to the
The Honorable Mayor and Members
of City Council
August 8, ~994
Page 14
Department. Th~ Department has sixty days to act after it receives
all information although it is not uncommon for this process to
consume ninety to one hundred days when the Department requests
additional information. A new Council election plan cannot be
submitted to the Department of Justice until it has been approved
by both City Council and the General Assembly. Section 51.22 of
the Department's Section 5 regulations provides that the Attorney
General will not consider the merits of any change affecting voting
prior to its final enactment. Please note that the Department of
Justice's review is not limited to the plan submitted by City
Council; it is not unusual for the Department to insist on an
alternative plan that the Department believes to provide for better
minority representation.
For the convenience of City Council and the public, Attachment
B summarizes the procedural steps in the establishment of an
election district system. Please note that the process could be
expedited by elimination of the discretionary referendum with
respect to the proposed Charter amendments. Please also note that
it is not legally required that the boundaries of the election
districts be drawn prior to any referendum; such boundaries need be
drawn only prior to submission of the plan to the Department of
Justice. If, however, the electorate is to vote with the benefit
of all important relevant information about the plan, it is
suggested that the election district boundaries should be drawn
prior to any referendum. Of course, City Council is aware that the
timing of many of the required steps is beyond the control of the
City, i.e. when the General Assembly meets, how long the Department
of Justice will require to preclear the submission of the plan and
when elections fall.
Election District Alternatives
Subject to the legal principles discussed above, City Council
has some latitude in the configuration of an election district
system. As previously noted, the size of Council can be increased
or decreased, and all Council members can be elected from districts
or some can be elected from districts and some at-large.
Attachment C shows twenty-four possible election district
alternatives. No attempt has been made to eliminate politically
unacceptable alternatives in preparing Attachment C. It is, of
course, not all inclusive; there are many other alternatives. For
example, multi-member districts although not generally favored by
the Department of Justice have been approved in some special cases.
Attachment C also relies upon considerable estimation. The primary
purpose of the matrix is to illustrate the complexities of devising
The Honorable Mayor and Members
of City Council
August 8, 1994
Page 15
a new election system as well as the myriad of alternatives
available.
As previously discussed, the Voting Rights Act prohibits
Council from adopting any plan that dilutes the voting strength of
the black community. This means that any plan should provide for
proportional representation for black citizens. For example, if a
city is one third black, then one-third of all seats on Council
should be safe seats for black representatives (not one third of
election district seats). The rule of thumb ordinarily applied by
the courts is that a safe minority seat requires an election
district that is 60 to 65% minority.
Please note that out of the twenty-four election district
alternatives, only 17 provide proportional representation for the
black community using 1990 Census data. Six alternatives clearly
fall short of providing proportional representation for the
minority community. One alternative provides considerable over
representation for the minority community. As to the remaining 17
alternatives, two relate to a five-member City Council, and nine
relate to an eleven-member City Council. It is, of course,
unlikely that there will be any significant sentiment to reduce the
size of City Council. Moreover, to increase the size of City
Council to as many as eleven members would seem unnecessary
inasmuch as there is little likelihood of significant growth in the
City's population in the immediate future. Thus, the alternatives
entailing a seven member or nine member Council may be the most
popular.
Alternatives that provide for two majority black districts on
a seven member or nine member Council provide approximate
proportional representation for the black community (28.6% and
22.2%, respectively). Please do not overlook, however, the
Department of Justice's insistence upon minority districts that
consist of a super majority (60% to 65%) of minority population.
While five election districts, as advocated by citizens to City
Council, may produce two simple majority black districts,
demographic data developed by the Citizens Task Force to Study
Alternative Election Procedures for Roanoke City Council (June 25,
1992) suggests that the two minority districts would produce black
voting strength of only 50% to 53%. The Task Force's report
suggests that a six election district system would produce two
districts which contain about 60% percent voting age minority
residents and might be more acceptable to the Department of
Justice. The Task Force further noted that, while a seven election
district Council would provide for two election districts
containing 60% to 75% voting age minority residents, a seven
The Honorable Mayor and Members
of City Council
August 8, 1994
Page 16
election distric~ scenario does considerable damage to "communities
of interests."
In any case, it should be clear that configuration of new
electoral procedures for City Council is enormously complex.
Considerable opportunity must be allowed for minority
participation, as well as majority participation, in the decision
making process leading to City Council's selection of a plan.
While demographers, statisticians and planners can be of
considerable assistance to City Council, in the last analysis the
difficult choices which will have to be made are political in
nature.
Reversion to At-Larqe System
Several citizens, in addressing City Council, have suggested
that City Council should "try out" an election district system; if
the system proves undesirable, then the City can return to an at-
large election system. Is the adoption of an election district
system a grand experiment in democracy which can be reversed should
the new election district system prove undesirable?
The answer is almost certainly in the negative. To obtain
preclearance from the Department of Justice, any new plan would
certainly need to assure minorities of proportional representation
on the new City Council. Since an at-large system does not
guarantee minority representation, it is almost certain that the
Department of Justice would view any attempt to return to an at-
large system as impermissible retrogression.
I trust that this report will provide a helpful starting point
to City Council as it explores the complexities of alternative
election procedures. Please do not hesitate to contact me if you
have any questions in this matter.
With kindest personal regards, I am
Sincerely yours,
Wllburn C. Dibling, Jr.
City Attorney
The Honorable Mayor and Members
of City Council
August 8, 1994
Page 17
WCD:f
Attachments
CC:
W. Robert Herbert, City Manager
Mary F. Parker, City Clerk
Shelva $. Painter, Registrar
The Reverend Charles T. Green
GUIDELINES TO BE OBSERVED
IN DEVISING
AN ELECTION DISTRICT SYSTEM
No plan shall dilute minority voting strength or
otherwise violate the Voting Rights Act.
o
The principle of "one person, one vote" shall be
honored. District lines shall be drawn with the
goal of substantial numerical equality among the
districts, and there shall be no more than a total
deviation of 10% between the population of the
largest and the smallest districts.
Districts shall be composed of contiguous and
compact territory.
Districts shall follow clearly defined and clearly
observable features.
Census blocks should not be split in drawing
district lines.
Population figures from the 1990 Census shall be
utilized in drawing district lines.
Every effort should be made to accommodate
"communities of interest" in the drawing of
district lines where such effort will not violate
legal principles set out above.
The first two principles are preeminent and shall
always be observed.
ATTACHMENT A
PROCEDURAL STEPS IN ESTABLISHMENT
OF ELECTION DISTRICT SYSTEM
Sept. 1994
Feb. 1995
Mar. 1995
May, 1995
Nov. 1995 -
January -
March 1996 -
Mar. 1996 -
May, 1996 -
May, 1998
Plan developed with full citizen participation
process~
'Plan adopted by City Council
Department of Justice preclearance of timing of
referendum 2
Referendum as to Plan adopted by City Council
(optional)3
General Assembly meets and approves required
Charter amendments4
Submission of Plan to Department of Justice5
Department of Justice preclears Plan
First Council election under new system6
"Plan" has reference to number of Council members, number
at large, if any, number from election districts, and
development of any new procedures required for election
of Mayor and Vice-Mayor and drawing of lines for new
election districts.
This preclearance is not as to the substance of the Plan,
but only as to the timing of the referendum.
Circuit Court must order referendum at least 60 days in
advance of general election.
Long Session (60 days) of General Assembly commences on
second Wednesday in January.
Plan can be submitted to Department of Justice only after
the Governor has signed Charter amendments.
Terms of Council members elected in 1996 would be reduced
by two years.
ATTACHMENT B
ELECTION DISTRICT ALTERNATIVES
Council
Members *
5
5
5
7
7
7
7
7
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
11
11
11
ii
11
11
1!
11
11
No. of
Election
Districts
4 !
~ 5 2
3 1
4
~ 5 2
~6 2
~____ 7 2
3 1
4
5 2
6 2
7 2
8
2 or 3
9 2 or 3
3 1
4 1
§ 2
6 2
7 2
8 2 or 3
9 2 or 3
10 2 or 3
11 2 or 3
Includes Mayor ar~ Vice--M~lror
Estimated No. of
Majority-Minority
Districts**
Percentage
of Minority
Representatives
on Council
2O%
20%
40%
~4.3%
14.3%
28.6%
28.6%
28.6%
11.1%
11.1%
~22.2%
22.2%
22.2%
22.2%
22.2%
9.1%
9.1%
18.2%
18.2%
18.2%
18.2%
18.2%
18.2%
or 33.3%
or 33.3%
or 27.3%
or 27.3%
or 27.3%
18.2% or 27.3%
Black majority single ~r districts. Estimates based on 1990 Census data (total
black population was 24.27%; voting age black Population was 21.8%) and demographic
studies co~plete~lnconne~tion withRoanokeMatroPolitan~overn~ent (1990) districting
~ ~ the Citize~ Task Po~ to Stu~ Altornati~ El~ion Pr~eo for Roanoke
City ~ll (1~92}.
ATTACHMENT C
CITIZENS TASK FORCE
TO STUDY
ALTERNATIVE ELECTION PROCEDURES
FOR
ROANOKE CITY COUNCIL
FINAL REPORT
JULY 13, 1992
Dr. Wendell FI. Butler, Chairm~tn
Jan D. Garrett, Vice-Chairman
David A. Camper
Robert E. Firebaugh
Steven D. Goodwin
Charlie W. Ilancock
Reverend Nelson Harris
Sl~phen J. Jon~,~
Thomas H. Rothe
A. Byron Smith
Thomas W. 'Fhrockmorton, Sr.
Michael F. I. Jrbanski
Connie Wade
Onzlee Ware
Wayne (~. Strickl'.,nd, Staff
SUMMARy OP RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE CITIZ~-~
TASK FORCE TO STUU~ ALTERNATIVE ELECTIO~
PRO~F~RES FOR THE ROANOKE CITY COUNCIL
The following are recommendations presented by the Citizens Task
Force to Roanoke City Council for their consideration.
RECOMMENDATION
The current at-large election system should he maintained.
RECOMMENDATION #2
It iS recommended that a Council member serve only three
consecutive, 4-year terms, except if the Council member decides to
run and is elected as Mayor, then as Mayor he/she can serve three
consecutive 4-year terms in this position. After serving three
consecutiv~ terms as Mayor, a candidate can run again for Council-
and can serve another three consecutive, 4-year terms on Council.
RECOMMENDATION #3
It is recommended that another Task Force be appointed in the year
2000, or sooner if the need arises, to study the election system
issue to see if the at-large system is still serving the needs of
the citizens of Roanoke.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pa~e
INTRODUCTION
PROCESS OF THE STUDY ....................................... 2
PHASE I -- THE FACT-FINDING PROCESS ........................ 3
PHASE II -- DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVE ELECTION
SCENARIOS ................................................ 21
PHASE III -- CITIZEN WORKSHOPS CONCERNING ALTERNATIVE --
ELECTION PROCEDURES ...................................... 26
PHASE IV -- TASK FOHCE RECOMMENDATIONS TO CITY
COUNCIL .................................................. 29
INTRODUCTION
In a resolution adopted on November 18, 1991, the Roanoke City
Council approved and endorsed a joint report prepared by the City
Manager and the City Attorney which called for the establishment of
a Citizens Task Force to Study Alternative Election Procedures for
the City Council. As approved by the City Council, the study would
include: a) a review of the experience with alternative election
procedures in other communities; and b) a recommendation on
election procedures for consideration by the Council. Examples of
alternative election procedures to be reviewed include, but were
not limited to: a) at-large systems; b) a modified ward system,
majority of members elected at large; c) a modified ward system,
minority of members elected at large; d) nominations by ward,
elections at large; and e) all members elected by ward. Each City
Council member was to appoint two members to serve on the Task
Force.
The November 18 resolution also authorized the City Manager to
retain the services of the Fifth Planning District Commission (5th
PDC) to assist the Task Force in its study efforts. The City
Manager was requested by Council to provide administrative support
tO the staff of the 5th PDC in their work on behalf of the City.
On December 9, the City Council appointed fourteen (14)
individuals to serve on the Task Force, and at the December 16
Council meeting, Dr. Wendell H. Butler was designated to serve as
the Chairperson of the Task Force. The staff of the 5th PDC
contacted Dr. Butler on December 17 and it was decided that the
organizational meeting of the Task Force would be held on December
18. At the December 18 meeting a process for the study and
schedule of activities was presented to the Task Force for
consideration. The study process is outlined in the section below.
The first regula£ meeting of the Task Force was scheduled for
January 8, 1992.
PROCESS OF THE STUDY
The study process was composed of four phases. Phase I was the
Fact-Finding Phase. It involved bringing in knowledgeable people
to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of alternative election
procedures, and to review key issues to consider if a change is
made from the current at-large system. Phase II was the
alternative election procedures phase and it involved assessing
various types of election systems as they might apply to Roanoke.
As a part of this phase, the Task Force used the knowledge gained
in Phase I to develop alternative election scenarios for the Task
Force to consider.
Phase III involved holding citizen workshops in four quadrants of
the City. The purpose of the workshops was to obtain citizen
comment on what residents liked and disliked about the current at-
large election system and what alternative system they would prefer
if the at-large system was eliminated. In the final phase in the
process, Phase IV, the Task Force, based on the knowledge gained in
the Fact-Finding effort and the citizen workshops, decided on the-
election procedure to recommend to the City Council.
PHASE I -- THE FACT-FINDING PROC~
The Fact-Finding effort called for the Task Force to listen to
practitioners, academicians, representatives of minority and other
interested groups, and persons having experience with changes in
election systems in other Virginia cities. These individuals have
been involved with (either directly or have written extensively on)
at-large, modified ward and ward electoral systems. The Task Force
established a SubCommittee, chaired by Michael Urbanski, to review
pertinent information from speakers and to develop a report on the
highlights of the fact-finding discussions.
The following practitioners and academicians were invited to speak:
Dr. Timothy O'Rourke, Professor at the University of
Virginia's Center for Public Service -- Dr. O'Rourke served as
an expert witness in the Norfolk redistricting case, staff to
the Charlottesville Election Study Commission, and a member of
the Mayor's Committee on Reapportionment for Virginia Beach.
The Reverend Doyle Thomas -- Reverend Thomas is a member o~
the Danville City Council. He was on Council when Danville
investigated the need for a change in its at-large election
system. He served as a member of the Committee responsible
for assessing the need for a change in the City's election
system.
Mr. James Pates -- Mr. Pates is the City Attorney for
Fredericksburg. He was the City Attorney at the time
Fredericksburg went through the process Of changing its
election system from an at-large to a modified ward system.
Dr. Joseph Freeman -- Dr. Freeman is a member of the Lynchburg
City Council. He represents one of the wards in Lynchburg's
modified ward system. He became a member of the Council
following hynchburg's change from an at-large system to a
modified ward system.
Mr. Paul Fraim -- Mr. Fraim :s a member of the Norfolk City
Council. Mr. Fraim, although dgreeing to speak, was not able
to address the Task Force due %o a conflict which arose at the
last minute.
Dr. Thomas Morris -- Dr. Morris ~s a Professor of Political
Science .at the University of Richmond and has studied the
Richmond City Council extensively. He has also co-authored a
book on local government in Virginia.
Mr. Kent Willis -- Mr. Willis ~s the Executive Director of the
Virginia Chaucer of Che American Civil ~ibercies Union.
The Task Force also invited citizen activists from various
quadrants of the City, as well as representatives of interested
Community groups, to discuss their perspectives on Roano~e's
election system. It was noted during the panel discussions that
these individuals did not necessarily represent the views of their
neighborhood organizations or groups. The following individuals
spoke to the Task Force:
Ms. Carol Marchel -- Vice-Chair, League of Women Voters
MS. Evangeline Jeffrey -- President, Roanoke Chapter, NAACP
MS. Majorie Jumper -- Northwest Environmental Association
MS. Barbara Duerk -- Neighbors in South Roanoke
Mr. Roy Stroop -- Wildwood Civic League (northeast Roanoke)
Mr. Henry Craighead -- Northwest Roanoke
The Task Force also invited business groups from various areas of
the City to provide their perspective on Roanoke's election system.
Unfortunately, the business representatives were unable to address
the group because of scheduling conflicts and other problems.
A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE ELECTORAL PROCESS IN ROANOKE
AND MINORITY REPRESENTATION IN THE PROCES~
Between 1884 and 1918, Roanoke had a ward election system. Because
of problems associated with the system, and because of the changing
trends in government nationwide during the early part of the
1900's, Roanoke switched to an at-large election system after 1918.
Furthermore, the citizens of Roanoke voted to adopt a
council/manager form of government in the City in 1918.
Until 1976, the council members terms in office varied in that
three council members would be elected for a 4-year term while four
members would be elected for a 3-year term. Elections in the city
remained staggered after 1976, but each council member elected
would now serve a 4-year term. In 1964, Roanoke changed its City
Charter to allow the Mayor to be elected by popular vote. Until
that time, the mayor and vice-mayor were elected by the council.
Currently, the mayor is elected at-large, and the individual who
receives the most votes in the most recent council election becomes
the vice-mayor. The candidates for mayor and council are elected
on a partisan basis.
The follo~n~ are some Of electoral highlights of Roanoke City
gleaned from reviewing articles from the Roanoke Times & World News
concerning elections between 1966 and 1990. The highlights begin
with 1966 since this follows the promulgation of the federal Voting
Rights Act of 1965.
1966 -- 16,379 voters turned out for this election. 18% of
the total population of Roanoke was minority. Two black
candidates (running as Independents) ran for election.
Minority candidates asked that minorities follow "single
shotting" (where minority voters would vote for only minority
candidates) to ensure that a minority would win a seat on
Council. The two minority candidates finished 9th and 10th in
a field of 10 candidates.
1968 -- 13,737 voters turned out for this election. One
minority candidate (running as an Independent) ran for a
Council seat but was not elected. Ten candidates ran for
election that year.
1970 -- 12,000 voters turned out for this election. 19% of
the total population of Roanoke was minority at this time.
White voters outnumbered black voters 7 to 1. The first blac~
member of Council was elected (a Republican candidate). The
minority candidate was the best vote getter of the 10
candidates running in the election. It was noted that the
minority candidate projected both a city-wide as well as a
minority perspective.
1972 -- 13,670 voters turned out for this election (about 36%
o-"~egistered voters). One minority candidate (running as a
Democrat) ran for Council but was not elected. One minority..
remained on Council at this time.
1974 -- 7,181 voters turned out for this election (only 18% of
the 38,863 registered voters). The incumbent Republican
minority candidate won re-election and became the City's first
black Vice-mayor.
%975 -- The Justice Department evaluated and approved
continuation of the City's at-large election system as a part
of the City's annexation process which went into effect on
January 1, 1976. The Justice Department said that the at-
large system did not dilute minority voting strength.
1976 -- 21,230 voterl turned out for this election (52% of the
41,000 registered voters). As a result of the 1976
annezation, all 7 seat? on City Council became open; also the
number of precincts ~n the City increased from 30 to 33
following annezation. Fourteen (14) candidates ran for the
si= available Council seats; while five (5) candidates ran for
position of ~4ayor. The voters elected the first popularly
elec~d-black 14ayor in a predominantly white city. A second
minority candid&ts ran on a write-in vote campaign but was not
elected. The Roanoke Forward group (which was a non-partisan,
business supported group of candidates) spent approximately
$35,000 to field seven candidates for election.
1976 -- Newspaper reported on the cost of recent elections.
The cost for the City to sponsor an election was $.46 per
ballot. This cost included salaries of election officials,
extra help and overtime pay for deputy registrars, setting up
voting machines, custodians for voting places, advertising,
and other additional expenses.
1977 -- The League of Women Voters (in 1976), at the request
o--~City Council, prepared a study on the need to change
Roanoke's election system. Council set a public hearing on a
possible change in electoral system for April, 1977. The City
Council did not act on the League's recommendation that the
City should adopt a modified ward election system.
1978 -- 13,409 voters turned out for this election (32% of the
41,301 registered voters). One additional minority candidate
(an Independent) ran in this election but he was defeated.
The Mayor remained the only minority on Council. Nine
candidates ran in this election; the minority candidate (other
then the Mayor) came in 8th out of a field of 9.
1980 -- 14,675 voters turn out for this election (37% of the
registered voters). In 1980, minorities represented 18% of
the City's total population (from the 1980 Census). The
Mayor, who was a minority, won re-election. A second minority
candidate (running as a Democrat) won a seat on Council an~
became Vice-Mayor. Roanoke now had two minorities serving on
Council --the Mayor and the Vice-Mayor (minorities hold 28% of
City Council seats). The newspaper notes that in black
precincts many voters used "single-shotting" to ensure the
second minority candidate would be elected.
1982 -- No statistics were found on voter turnout. No
minorities ran in this election. Roanoke maintained two
minority members on Council.
1984 -- 16,811 voters turned out for this election (42% of the
registered voters). The Mayor (who was a minority) was re-
elected. The second minority incumbent on Council decided not
to seek re-election. Another minority candidate (running as
a Republican) ram for Council but was not elected. Eight
candidates ran for Council seats that year. The paper reports
that the four Republican candidates spent $30,000 combined on
the 1984 eleotion, while the three Democrats and one
independent spent $44,000 on their campaigns.
1986 -- 7,199 voters turned out for this election (17.5% of
t-~--41,070 registered voters). There was no mention of a
minority candidate running for Council in this election.
1988 -- 11,800 voters turned out for this election (28% of the
40,535 registered voters). The Mayor (who was a minority)
maintained his seat on Council. There was no mention of
another minority candidate running in this election.
1990 -- 12,268 voters turned out for this election (31% of the
registered voters). In 1990, minorities represented 24% of
the total population of the City. A second minority candidate
(running as a Democrat) won election to the Council. Roanoke
once again had two minority Council members (28% of all
Council seats). The newspaper mentioned that the minority
candidate was elected without significant "single-shotting" by
minority voters. In fact, the minority candidate ran strongly
in several all-white precincts. The minority candidate ran
3rd in a field of six candidates.
!992 -- Two minority candidates (one running as a Democrat and
one running as a Republican) are nominated by their respective
political parties to run for Council seats in the 1992 council
election.
The next section of this report will present a general overview of
alternative election systems. The comments are based on remarks of
invited speakers.
A BRIEF DISCUSSION OF ALTERNATIVE ~r. ECTiON SYSTEMS
Some of the current statistics on the structure of local
governments in the United States reflect the changing nature of the
electoral process since the early 1900's: (1) 75% of larger cities
in the U.S. elect councils on a non-partisan basis and the dominant
structure of local government is a council/manager form; (2) 82% of
council/manager cities elect on a non-partisan ballot, as opposed
to 61% for mayor/council cities; and (3) 68% of council/manager
cities elect members at-large. The "textbook" form of local
government in America involves non-partisan elections, with a small
council elected at-large.
A Brief Description of an At-~'arge Election System: In an at-large
election system all candidates are elected by registered voters
throughout the entire city. This is the system currently in place
in Roanoke City. Twenty-nine of the 41 cities (or 71%) in Virginia
elect their council members at-large.
A Brief Description of a Ward System: In this system, the city is
divided into voting districts (or wards). Candidates campaign only
in their respective wards and registered voters within each ward
select their council representatives. The mayor may be selected
from within the council, or in some ward systems, the mayor is
elected at-large. Eight of the 41 cities (or 19%) in Virginia
elect their council members through a ward system.
7
A Brief Description of a Modified Ward System: This system
Combines features found in both the at-large and ward systems.
Some council members are elected by wards and some are elected at-
large. In mo£t cases, the number of COuncil members elected by
wards exceeds those elected at-large. Four of the 41 cities (or
10%) in Virginia elect their council members through a modified
ward system.
The list on the following page presents the distribution of cities
in the Commonwealth of Virginia and how their councils are elected
(total population for each city and percentage black population 18
years and over is also provided).
8
Type of 1990
Election System Population
% Black
Pop. 18
Yrs.& Over
Alexandria At-large 111,183 20%
Bedford At-large 45,656 19%
Bristol At-large 18,426 5%
Buena Vista Ward 6,406 4%
Charlottesville At-large 40,341 18%
Chesapeake At-large 151,976 26%
Clifton Forge At-large 4,679 14%
Colonial Heights At-large 16,064 .8%
Covington Ward 6,991 13%
Danville At-large 53,056 32%
Emporia Modified Ward 5,306 41%
Fairfax City At-large 19,622 5%
Falls Church At-large 9,578 3%
Franklin Ward 7,864 51%
Fredericksburg Modified Ward 19,027 19%
Galax At-large 6,670 5%
Hampton At-large 100,375 38%
Harrisonburg At-large 30,707 6% ---
Hopewell Modified Ward 23,101 22%
Lexington At-large 6,959 11%
Lynchburg Modified Ward 66,049 23%
Manassas At-large 27,957 10%
Manassas Park At-large 6,734 6%
Newport News At-large 170,045 31%
Norfolk Ward 261,229 36%
Norton At-large 4,247 6%
Petersburg Ward 38,386 68%
Poquoeon At-large 11,005 .8%
Portsmouth At-large 103,907 44%
Radford At-large 15,940 5%
Richmond Ward 203,056 50%
Roanoke At-large 96,397 22%
Salem At-large 23,756 4%
South Boston At-large 6,997 34%
Staunton At-large 24,461 12%
Suffolk Ward 52,141 42%
Virginia Baach At-large 393,069 13%
Waynesbor(x._ At-large - - 18,549 8~
Williamsburg At-large 11,530 13%
Winchester Ward 21,947 9%
Virginia Municipal League, 1990 (for
information); and the U.S. Bureau of
(for demographic information).
Source=
electoral system
the Census, 1990
9
Advantages of Disadvantages of Alternative Election Systems
The key to evaluating the advantages or disadvantages of any
election system is to look at it in the context of the community as
a whole. Current socio-economic conditions, growth or decline in
population, relations among racial groups (i.e., past trends or
current evidence of racial discrimination), all play a role in
assessing the election system which best serves the needs of
citizens. The advantages and disadvantages outlined below were
developed from material provided to the Citizens Task Force and
from the observations of invited speakers. Although this material
is presented in the context of the advantages and disadvantages of
an at-large system, it does illustrate the potential benefits and
weaknesses of both the at-large and ward election systems.
At-large Election System -- Advantages
The city council is more sensitive to the interests of all
voters because candidates must canvas for votes city-wide, as
opposed to a ward system in which candidates may appeal to the
narrow interests of their particular ward.
Citizens will get to vote for all candidates and this may
enhance voter turnout. Presumably, citizens in an at-large
system have a greater say over the activities of the council
rather then a limited say over the activities of only one
council member (in a ward system).
At-large elections tend to moderate the divisions that might
arise in a community with an all-ward system. These
divisions, which might be racial, class-related, or political
in nature, may impede the ability of council to conduct
business.
It was suggested by one speaker that where minority
candidates get elected at-large, their influence is more
substantial than if they are elected from minority wards in a
ward system (however, the Lynchburg experience suggests
otherwise).
At-large elected councils are more consensus oriented.
Counq~l_.members. represent the same constituency and will
presumably promote a city-wide ~erspective.
At-large councils are more effective in what might be called
the "foreign policy" of ~ne city. The effectiveness of
promoting industry and negotiating with neighboring
communities is often enhanced when a common viewpoint is
shared.
10
~t-Lar~e Election System
-- Disadvanta~e.n
In at-large elections, candidates often come from the same
neighborhoods, same class, same profession, same race so that
while they are elected at-large, they may not be broadly
representative of the coflununity.
At-large elections may enhance the influence of the media and
money because it is difficult to run a door-to-door campaign
running at-large, and access to the media is more important in
an at-large race.
Citizens may not feel that they have a council member
responsive to their needs, and that local government may be
more "distant".
At-large candidates tend to spend more money for their
campaigns as opposed to candidates who are running in a ward
election system.
If at-large councils tend to have a coflunon consensus, this
consensus may be somewhat artificial. That is, councils
elected at-large may not alwaysrepresent the diversity within,-
the community. This "spirit of consensus" may come at the
expense of diverse interest groups.
At-large elections (and the consensus generated within the
council) tend to close off a lot of debate that would occur if
elections allowed various segments of the com~nunity to be
represented.
At-large elections tend to cause a feeling within the minority
community that their vote or participation is ineffectual.
Modified Ward system -- Advantages and Disadvantages
A modified ward system allows some council members to be elected by
ward and some to be elected at-large. In general, it is best for
the number of council members elected by wards to exceed those
elected at-large. The modified ward system attempts to address
some of the problems encountered in at-large or all-ward systems.
The mesd~X& elected by wards provide .diverse geographi~
representation on the council and are directly accountable to
conetituentm who reside in a specific ward; those elected at-large
tend to take a moro city-wide perspective on issues since their
constituency is the entire city. A disadvantage of this system is
that divisions on council may arise between ward members and those
elected at-large because ward members may feel more accountable to
citizens in one section Of the city while at-large members may feel
more accountable to all citizens.
11
Other Alternative Election Procedures
There are other alternatives for election procedures which could be
considered if a community decides that electoral change is desired.
The procedures discussed below are held by some practitioners to be
cumbersome. These procedures may also be difficult for voters to
understand when they go to the polls to vote. Voter education
about these alternatives would be highly recom~nended if any such
system is instituted.
Cumulative Voting System: This alternative is best explained by an
example. If a community has three council seats up for election,
each voter may cast three ballots, which is equal to the total
number of representatives to be elected. A voter may then cast all
three votes for one candidate, two for one candidate and one for
another, or one for each of the three candidates. In regard to
minority election opportunities, this allows the minority voter to
cast all votes for those specific candidates who they want to see
elected. Presumably, other voters will spread their votes around
to other candidates.
Limited Voting System: This system works in the following way.
For example, there are seven members of city council to be electedT--
and each voter is only allowed to vote for five of the seven
candidates. In regard to minority election opportunities this
would mean, if all the whites voted for white candidates, and all
the blacks voted for black candidates, the opportunity would exist
to ensure that a minority candidate is elected. A limited voting
system has been adopted by some municipalities in order to settle
some Voting Rights lawsuits (e.g., in Texas and Alabama),
particularly in those situations in which minority voters may not
be concentrated enough to have a majority in a single ward.
Nomination of Council Candidates by District and Elections At
~m The discussion of this alternative system comes from
Boyd's article, "Local Electoral Systems: Is There a Best
Way?" (National Civic Review, Vol. 65, No. 3, March, 1976). In
this system, candidates reside within and are nominated to run for
office from specific residency districts, but they are elected at-
large. This system attempts to give geographic representation to
the council. Voters know who the district council member is and
who to hold responsible for atteflt~on to neighborhood problems.
Furthermo~,_ since the council representatives are elected at-
large, they cannot afford to be provLncial in their attitudes. One
disadvantage is that the majority segment of the population will
have a dominant voice in electing representatives. Many minorities
feel that this system is worse taan others because it tends to
confuse members of the minority community, dividing them and
placing them in an untenable pos~tioa.
12
KEY ISSUES ARISING FROM DISCUSSIONS WITH SPEAKERS
~NVITED TO ADDRESS THE TASK FORCE
Several issues dominated discussions between Task Force members and
invited speakers. The purpose of this section of the report is to
review these recurring issues and to summarize responses from
speakers about these issues. The issues outlined below are not
presented in any specific order of importance.
Issue: Why Would a Community Decide to Pursue a Change in its
Electoral System
The reasons why a community would pursue electoral change are
varied. The Task Force's guest speakers were asked why their
community, or other community's they have worked with, decided to
investigate an alternative electoral procedure.
Charlottesville -- a group of citizens thought that a modified
ward plan (4 candidates elected by wards and 3 at-large) would
encourage better representation of neighborhoods.
Virginia Beach -- a group of citizens felt that the system,
whereby nominations were made by residency districts an~-
elections were held at-large, was not providing adequate
representation, especially since the residency districts were
established many years ago and the population of these
districts changed significantly over the last two decades.
Norfolk -- The City's at-large system was changed to a ward
system as a result of a law suit filed by a citizen through
the Justice Department.
Danville -- Danville decided to consider a change from its at-
large election system as a result of a successful annexation
suit. A citizens' Committee, composed of minority interests,
was established by City Council to assess the need for
election change. Under the Voting Rights Act of 1965, the
Justice Department requires consideration of dilution of
minority votin9 strength if new areas are annexed. The
Committee reco~aendad that the system not be changed. The
Justice Depa~tmmnt allowed Danville to keep its at-large
Fred~l~kaburg -- A small group of ali-white businessmen, with
support of one or two city Council members, pursued a
referendum to have the City's at-large system changed.
Initially, the idea was to reduce the size of the council from
11 members to 7 members (to help increase the efficiency of
the Council) and to keep the at-large system in place.
However, after this businessman's group discovered that the
Justice Department probably would not approve a reduction in
Council size without changing the at-large system, this group
13
proposed a modified ward system be added to the referendum.
There was no consensus about this change within the minority
community in Fredericksburg; in fact, the NAACP filed suit
against the proposed change to a modified ward system. The
Justice Department approved the system. The City currently
has a modified ward system where 4 members are elected by
wards and 3 at-large.
* Lynchburg -- Lynchburg changed from an at-large election
system to a modified ward system in the mid-1970's as a result
of a successful annexation suit. The City's modified ward
system has 4 members elected by wards and 3 at-large.
* Richmond -- Richmond changed from an at-large election system
to a ward system in the 1970's as a result of a successful
annexation suit. All members of Council are elected by wards.
Issue: The Cost of Campaigning
The cost of election campaigning continues to rise from one
election to another. As these costs increase, many feel that good
candidates may be eliminated from the process because they do not
have the backing of "big money" organizations. Does the type
electoral system affect the cost of campaigning?
* The cost of campaigning is related to the size of the city as
much as the type of electoral system adopted by the city. If
a candidate is running at-large in a small city of 40,000
people, it will cost as much as running in a ward system in a
larger city in which each ward contains 40,000-50,000 people.
The Task Force's guest speaker from Danville, a minority
member of the City Council, noted that no candidate has spent
over $1,500 on an at-large campaign. In.fact, he spent only
$250 on his last campaign. He felt that it was not a
financial question which kept people from running for City
Council. He felt that people were not necessarily interested
in serving because: 1) they did not have time because of
commitments to their work and their families, and 2) they felt
that they probably were not "electable".
In the cass of the speaker from Lynchburg City Council, he
sta~:e(~bespent, about $1,300 on his last ward election. With
ward seats, you do not have to have vast contact with
political organizations. It is neighborhood contact and
direct mail which makes the difference. This approach helps
cut down on the costs. The speaker from Lynchburg felt that
a candidate running for a hotly contested, at-large council
seat might have to spend between $35,000 and $75,000 to get
elected.
14
* The ward system in Richmond has held down the cost of
campaigning for candidates running for city council Seats.
Issue: The Economic Impact of an At-Large System
Versus a Ward System
Some political observers contend that the type of election system
adopted by a municipality may effect its economic development
activities. If it is assumed that in a ward system council members
will focus more attention on district interests and not on city-
wide issues, then who will be responsible for ensuring that the
city's long-range economic development goals receive adequate
consideration during council deliberations?
In cities that are considering a change in electoral system,
there are some consistent issues which seem to be a point of
concern. People who are critical of the at-large system say
that downtown development (under an at-large system) proceeds
because council may be dominated by a group sensitive to
business. The critics argue that a different method of
election would lead to a different orientation. Perhaps, more
attention would be paid to commercial areas out of downtown~
or more attention would be paid to other programs/services
which are deemed as important or more important than downtown
development.
If ~ou read ~he new?paper, the Richmond City Council (where a
wars system Ls in pAace) is a very contentious Council and is
frequently divided about some fairly significant questions
relating to economic development.
In Fredericksburg, the impact of election change has had a
positive impact on economic development mainly because the
reduction of council members makes it appear that the Council
is being run more efficiently and more harmoniously. Large
city councils, particularly with the news media, tend to
highlight all the disagreements and norths agreements.
In Richmond, the ward system has created a division in
economic and political power that has hurt the climate for
econo~lo development. The white business establishment has
econo~l~ power, but the black majority on Council has the
political power. This situation has produced tension. There
ham been so much suspicion and mistrust, that it has not been
good for economic development.
15
Issue: Accountability to the Electorate in an At-Large
System Versus a Ward System
The question Of accountability to the electorate arose a number of
times during the Fact-Finding work of the Task Force. The
following observations were presented by various individuals who
spoke to the Task Force.
A change in the local election system will change the
political process and how candidates will relate to voters and
constituents.
In regard to Danville (with its at-large system), the current
Council is diverse and tries to consider the interests of the
City as a whole. It makes no difference where you live or how
much money you make, if you have a complaint, you can bring it
to the City Council and the Council will see that something is
done. City Council has not had any serious complaints.
In the case of Lynchburg, an issue of specific interest,
such as a rezoning, may generate much interest within a ward.
Individuals feel that they have a greater impact on issues
such as zoning compared to broader issues such as financial-
matters which is discussed in terms of the City as a whole.
It was suggested that in Lynchburg, constituents felt better
represented by the modified ward system as opposed to an at-
large system.
Issue: Voter Turnout in an At-Large System Versus
a Ward System
Some political observers suggest that ward systems maylead to
complacency among the voting public. In some cases, fewer
candidates run for these ward seats when compared to communities
that have at-large systems.
Where you have at-large seats, this system may encourage
greater voter turnout. This is particularly true where you
have competition for those at-large seats. In many instances
where a ward system is in place, often these seats go
uncontested, with an incumbent that coasts into office. There
is s~Levidenoe to indicate that whenever you have a chief
elected official, like a mayor or governor up for election,
this encourages greater voter turnout.
You have to accept this negative about any type of ward system
-- if you have a ward election in a "quiet year", who knows
how many voters will turnout. This situation focuses on one
of the problem areas of a full ward or modified ward system.
It is possible for many voters to "go to sleep", and then an
election ends up being determined by a couple of
16
neighborhoods. It depends on the level of competition in the
ward. Incumbency is a key factor in voter turnout. In
Lynchburg, there has been some introduction of new blood into
the system, but turnover of council seats has been relatively
localized with several new members coming only from one
particular ward.
Issue: Citizen Participation in the Process of Electoral Change
Some of the speakers invited to address the Task Force indicated
that the majority of citizens in a community may not be interested
in the process of electoral change. Citizens may be more concerned
about specific issues such as education.
One speaker noted that most people are not interested in the
local election system. In the case of Charlottesville's
process of considering electoral change, only 10 citizens
showed up at the Council's public meeting on changing the
City's election system. This point was reinforced in the case
of Virginia Beach. Virginia Beach, when it was considering a
change in its electoral process, had a public hearing and only
15 people snowed up to speak and some of those people were
politicians.
One speaker noted that there are really only two groups that
push for electoral change= 1) minority voters (including the
NAACP); and 2) working-class whites who may not feel they are
represented on council.
When Danville was considering a change to its election system,
few people showed up at either of the Council's two public
hearings to argue for or against keeping the at-large system
(as was being recommended by the Committee appointed by the
City Council).
(The following observations were made by the speaker from
Fredericksburg and reflect the problems encountered with the
Justice Department as the City pursued the change from its at-
large electoral system'to a modified ward system.) A change
in the election system requiring pre-clearance by the Justice
Depa~tmon~ is an exercise in pure politics. The general
publ~-~eally does not care if you have an at-large, ward
system, or modl~ied ward system. But, the people who play the
"political geme" will pay close attention and will try to
influence the election plan in a way that suits their own
purposes.
Citizen education is an important part of ensuring
participation in the election process. When a city is
considering electoral change, it is important to hold citizen
information hearings to obtain citizen comment. This process
17
may also be helpful in generating some consensus about how the
community feels about electoral change.
Issue: Competition between Districts in a Ward System
Critics of at-large systems often contend that this type of system
encourages attention to city-wide interests at the expense of
neighborhood issues. Furthermore, proponents of ward systems argue
that citizens are not allowed to participate as fully in at-large
systems as compared to a ward system where candidates are more
directly responsible to neighborhood constituents. Proponents of
at-large systems criticize ward systems because they say that ward
systems encourage divisiveness among neighborhoods and among ethnic
groups.
One key question relating to divisiveness on city council in
a ward system is whether a ward system would create divisions
that do not exist -- not whether it would mirror divisions,
but rather would it create artificial divisions.
In the case of Fredericksburg's modified ward system, the
process has raised the issue of race in people's thinking
lot more than it would have under an at-large system.
Richmond has nine wards in its ward system. The five
predominantly minority wards elect black candidates and the
four predominantly white wards elect white candidates. The
ward system has discouraged new political leadership because
incumbents routinely are re-elected. Only a handful of
incumbents have been defeated since the ward system was
enacted in 1977.
In the City of Hopewell (which has a modified ward system --
5 elected by wards and 2 at-large), the one black elected
official works closely with the white members of council to
ensure the City is progressing. The minority community uses
its elected official as a conduit to pursue federal grants for
their neighborhoods.
In Fredericksburg, a great debate unfolded about whether a
change to a modified ward system would bring about greater
compe__ti~ion by individual wards for special projects. That
competition among wards has not been found much at all. Some
areas that may have been under-represented now feel that they
are better served.
In Lynchburg, the ward-elected members of council ensure that
the neighborhood perspective is heard, and the at-large
council members ensure that the city-wide perspective is
evident in Council decision-making.
18
Often the distinction between ward council members and
large members in Lynchburg is blurred in the public's mind.
Council members sometimes receive calls from people who do not
reside in their ward. The general public does not keep close
track. The political people keep track of this distinction
closely.
In thinking about Lynchburg, those constituents who live in
wards would have to say that if you ask people, they would
probably say that they have not thought much about the idea of
how much better they are served by a modified ward system
versus an at-large system.
Issue: Criteria for Establishing Voting Districts
in a Ward Election System
To ensure adequate minority representation in a ward system, some
feel that all that is needed in a minority ward is a 51% majority.
However, others argue that this percentage must be significantly
higher to ensure that a minority candid·ts has a greater
opportunity to be elected.
In Danville, the Committee created to ex·mine the need for an
alternative electoral system agreed that if a ward system was
pursued that they needed to be ablate establish at least two
wards which would contain at least a 60%-65% minority
population. The Danville Committee was not ·bls to find a
sufficient concentration of minority population to meet this
criteria. Without a high percentage of minority population,
the Committee felt that there was a good chance that a white
person could be elected to represent the proposed minority
ward.
The speaker from the ACLU felt that a minority ward, in order
to ensure a good opportunity for a minority to be elected,
should cent·in ·bout a 60% minority population over the age of
18.
Issue: The Imihuc~: of Electoral Change on )tinority Representation
on Council
One key qu~s~ion that arose from the Task Force's discussion was --
"Does · change in the electoral system result in greater
representation by tho minority population within the community?*'
* In some' areas where you have people who have suffered
discrimination of all sorts for · long time, or perceived a
certain level of discrimination, you have a difficult time
getting these people interested in the political system.
19
In Fredericksburg, black representation was Strengthen
S~gniflcantly, mainly because of the reduction in ed
.... , aha now there are 2 -: . . uc or 11 Council
L=presentation aDmear~ ~..~ = ~,,~norltles out Of 7
a communi,.. ~_~= ~- ,,.uuu Stronger now ~__= . -' ~lack
sh~-~ -z u~ac, over the v.=.. _.~ ' =~euerlcksb~r
~-~u stead~ nfo. .... T--~ wlcn an at-~- g was
Fredericksburg ~ow'~~, on msnority sUCcess ~=rff system,
nOt want, b-~ ~ *,~ a system that t~ ~- _~- uHe polls.
~ ~ney appear Stronger for~t~&acK community did
CONCLUDING COMMENTS ABOUT ALTERNATIVE ELECTION SYSTEMS
The Speakers who partici ate
~ffor~s provided a div--~:~-d %n tge Task Force'~
impacts associated w~~y or Opinions on i.' -
(issues such -- ~u~ changing a communi~_, o~ues related to
· . ,m Current soci . ~ s electoral
decline &n nOnUSer: .... o-economlc co.~:~, process
~ ~ -~u~un, re~at~ons a~on- -~-: .,*u~clons, growth or
role in assessing the need -~ ~au,ax groups, etc. play a
va{~ous advantana ....... for electoral c
moaified warn ~= a.u ~lsaovantages assn,4~;~ There are
an, r~_.:_~ - ~-u ward sVSte~- -~-=~eu with at-large,
~ ~ceness to a co----'~ ~ -'' Each
basis. It should be. -,.unlcy, must be evaluated~n'~ and its
individual
understood that a specific electoral system
not a panacea for curing all the problems of a city, but may
represent a mechanism for addreSSing some particular issues. A
number of factors must be incorporated into the 'calculus, when a
change in the electoral procedures of a community are being
examined.
T~e SubCommittee responsible for working with the fact f
Pnase. o£ the study Process Prepared a report which atte~ inding
highlight the key ideas ~resen
all members o ._ -_ ted. This r _ . pted to
mailed f .the T. mk FOrce, and s eport.wa~.rev~ewed with
to all City Council members, ubsequently, one report was
20
PHASE II -- DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVE ELECTION SCENARIO,",
The purpose of this phase was to investigate in more detail various
alternative election scenarios based on the information obtained in
the Fact-Finding Phase. The Task Force in its deliberations had
decided that a full-ward system would not benefit the citizens of
Roanoke. Furthermore, practitioners and academicians who spoke to
the Task Force had noted that pursuing a modified ward system where
the number of at-large members exceeded the number of ward members
might present problems with the Justice Department and could
potentially cause strife between ward members and at-large members.
Additionally, the concept of nominations from wards and elections
at-large did not seem to be a viable alternative due to the
possible confusion it might cause among the electorate.
After deliberation on the above alternatives, the Task Force
decided that there were really only two alternatives which might
best serve the needs of Roanoke. The two alternatives given
careful consideration were: (1) an at-large system; and (2) a
modified ward system.
It was understood that the maintenance of the current at-large
system would not require significant data analysis or detailed
mapping work since, if this alternative was chosen, citizens were--
familiar with the process and election procedures were already in
place. However, if a modified ward system were chosen, the Task
Force would have to look carefully at the following.
(1) How the Mayor would be chosen?
(2) How the Vice-Mayor would be chosen?
(3) How many wards would be needed to adequately accommodate the
requirements of the Voting Rights Act Of 19657
(4) Would there need to be a change in the size of the Council
based on the number of wards considered?
A SubCommittee of the Task Force, chaired by Onzlee Ware, was
established to investigate and respond to the above questions. The
SubCom/~ittee, as a ~art of its investigation of modified ward
scenarios, was charged by the Task Force to examine specifically
the following scenarios=
For
a 7-member council
4 ward/3 at-large
5 ward/2 at-large
6 ward/1 a~-large
For a 9-m~,~ber council
5 ward/4 at-large
6 ward/3 at-large
7 ward/2 at-large
The process of examining the various modified ward scenarios
outlined above entailed analyzing a substantial amount of 1990
Census data and developing statistics about alternative ward
21
boundaries. As a part of this process, the Planning District
Commission staff prepared, under the guidance of the SubCommittee,
eleven (11) different ward map alternatives to be reviewed by the
SubCo~u~ittee. Additionally, the Planning District Commission staff
prepared a map showing the location of concentrations of minority
residents by Census Blocks for the entire City. The purpose of
this map was to provide additional information about the geographic
distribution of minorities when reviewing different ward map
alternatives.
The SubCommittee and the Task Force adopted the following
guidelines in drawing district boundaries:
1) Districts should be drawn to give, as nearly as is practical,
representation in proportion to the population of a district
(Article VII, Section 5, Constitution of Virginia). This
principle references the "one person-one vote" concept.
District plans will be drawn with the goal of substantial
equality among the districts and less than total deviation of
ten percent.
2) No proposed districting plan shall dilute minority voting
strength or otherwise violate the Voting Rights Act.
3) Districts shall be composed of contiguous and compact
territory (Article VII, Section 5, Constitution of Virginia).
4) In drawing district lines, population figures from the mose
recent decennial United States Census (in this case, the 1990
Census) shall be used.
5) Election districts shall follow clearly defined and clearly
observed features (Sections 24.1-40.7 and 24.1-40.8, Code of
Virginia, 1950, as amended).
6) Census blocks shall not be split in drawing district lines.
7) In drawing district lines, every attempt will be made to
accommodate "come,unities of interest", where the drawing of
such lines will not violate the other guidelines outlined
above.
The Task Force, in developing district boundaries, utilized the
guidelines adopted. They recognized that from the seven guidelines
established, guidelines #1 and t2 were preeminent and must always
be observed.
Each of the eleven alternative modified ward boundary maps provided
statistical summaries. These summaries presented (by individual
voting district) the total population, total percent black
- populatio~, ~ercentage of population 18 and older who are black,
and the percentage deviation from the ideal voting district
population. The ideal voting district population and total
deviation from the ideal population was also presented.
In reviewing the alternative modified ward boundary maps, the
Subcommittee discussed the question of achieving a 60% black voting
age population in eaoh voting district. During the Fact-Finding
Phase, several speakers had noted that the Justice Department
22
wanted to see minority wards where the black voting age population
approached 60%. It was felt that this percentage would ensure that
the minority population had the opportunity to elect desired
candidates. The Subcoflunittee kept this percentage in mind when
reviewing the statistical summaries provided with each map.
The SubCommittee discussed in detail the pros and cons associated
with each alternative. After several weeks of discussion
concerning the alternative modified ward scenarios, the following
was found:
Under a 7-member Council
A 4 ward/3 at-large modified system did not appear feasible
since this system provided only one (1) black ward where the
voting age minority population reached approximately 60%.
This alternative had the potential to dilute minority voting
strength, since minority residents were assured of electing
only one of the seven Council members (or 14% of the Council).
The minority voting age population in Roanoke represents 22%
of the total voting age population. Additionally, the issue
of maintaining "communities of interest" was not addressed
well in this alternative scenario.
In the 5 ward/2 at-large modified ward alternative, only one-
ward possessing 60% minority voting age population could be
drawn. This alternative had the potential to dilute minority
voting strength. Two wards composed of a simple majority
(i.e., 50%-53%) could be drawn. But, the Task Force felt that
the Justice Department might not be assured that minorities
could elect their desired candidates under this scenario since
the percentage of the voting age minority residents was not as
high as it should be (i.e., approximating 60%).
The 6 ward/1 at-large alternative was attractive because it
provided for two wards which contained about 60% voting age
minority residents and might be acceptable to the Justice
Department. This scenario would help to assure that at least
two seats on Council (or 28% of Council membership) would come
from wards possessing a relatively high percentage of voting
age minority residents. However, there was one major problem
with this scenario. The Tasa Force felt that with only one
Counoil membez elected at-large, that this alternative was too
similar to a full-ward system. They felt that there needed to
be ma~e-at-l&rgm representable,. _ _
Under a g-me.bet Council
The 5 ward/4 at-large alternative was attractive to some Task
Force members because it provided a good split in the number
of Council members elected Dy ward versus those elected at-
large. However, there was a problem with this alternative
because only one ward possessing 60% minority voting age
23
population could be drawn. As with the 5 ward/2 at-large
system discussed previously, there was the potential in this
scenario to dilute minority voting strength.
A 6 ward/3 at-large system was very attractive to the Task
Force for two reasons. First, this alternative did not appear
to dilute minority voting strength since there was some
assurance that at least two seats on Council (or 22% of the
Council membership) would come from wards possessing a
relatively high percentage of minority voting age residents.
Second, the issue of "communities of interest" were fairly
well represented with six wards.
In the 7 ward/2 at-large scenario, provided for good
representation on Council from minority wards. Under this
alternative, two wards containing 60%-75% voting age minority
residents could be established. One problem with this
alternative was that as more wards were added, some
"communities of interest" began to be split.
The SubCommittee, after reviewing the pros and cons of each
alternative modified ward scenario, moved on to a discussion of the
other issues they were charged to consider: how the Mayor should
be elected, how the Vice Mayor should be elected, and what should
be the size of the Council. --
It was the consensus of the SubCommittee that Roanoke citizens
would be best served by having both the Mayor and Vice Mayor
elected at-large. The thinking was that these individuals should
take a city-wide perspective on all issues brought before Council.
If the Mayor and Vice Mayor were elected at-large, then this
reduced the number of alternative modified ward scenarios to be
considered to the following: a 5 ward/2 at-large system, a 5 ward/4
at-large system, a 6 ward/3 at-large system, and a 7 ward/2 at-
large system.
Taking into account the critical need not to dilute minority voting
strength, the SubCommittee was able to reduce the number of
alternative modified ward systems even further. Only two of the
remaining alternatives provided the possibility for adequate
minority representation on Council: the 6 ward/3 at-large
alternative and the 7 ward/2 at-large alternative. The
SubCo~ittee felt that the 7 ward/2 at-large alternative should be
eliminated because it had the potential to more directly effect
"communiti-es-of interest" within the City. This left the 6 ward/3
at-large alternative as the favored scenario and also answered the
question as to what should be the size of the City Council.
The SubCommittee recognized its charge was to answer the questions
presented by the full Task Force. The SubCommittee also recognized
that the current at-large election system re~ained a viable system
for consideration by the full Task Force. It was understood that
any recommendations presented by the SubCommittee would only be
24
pursued with City Council if the full Task Force, following the
review of the citizens' comments at the May workshops, decided to
recommend an alternative to the current at-large system. With this
in mind, the Subcommittee presented the following recommendations
for consideration by the full Task Force:
(1) The Mayor should continue to be elected at-large.
(2) The Vice Mayor should be elected at-large.
(3) The size of the City Council should be increased to 9
members.
(4)
If a modified ward system is chosen, 6 Council members
should be elected by wards, and 3 Council members
(including the Mayor and Vice Mayor) should be elected
at-large.
The following notes were also provided to the Task Force with the
above recommendations.
NOTES=
The Council members should serve staggered
terms, with the Mayor and 3 ward Council
members elected one year, and the 2 at-large
(one being the Vice-Mayor) and 3 remaining
Council members elected in the alternate
election year.
The Vice Mayor will be a candidate running at-
large, who obtains the most votes in the at-
large election in alternate election years.
Therefore, similar to the Mayor, the candidate
elected as Vice Mayor will serve a 4-year
term.
No specific voting district boundaries for the
6 ward/3 at-large alternative are proposed
since there are several map scenarios which
accommodate this system.
25
PHASE III - CITIZEN WORKSHOPS CONCERNING
ALTERNATIVE ELECTION PROCEDU~.~
This phase of the Task Force's work effort was intended to obtain
citizens' comments abo~t the City's current at-large system and
their interest in changing from an at-large system to some
alternative election system. A SubCommittee, chaired by Jan
Garrett, was established to handle this phase of the study process.
During the first part of May, 1992 the SubCommittee to Assist with
Citizen Workshops held four workshops to Obtain citizens' comments
about alternative election procedures. The workshops were held in
the following four quadrants of the City: Jackson Middle School
(southeast) on May 7; William Fleming High School (northwest) on
May 11; Patrick Henry High School (southwest) on May 12; and
Monterey Elementary School (northeast) on May 14.
The SubCommittee advertised the workshops by sending approximately
280 notices to neighborhood, civic and religious organizations.
The notices were accompanied by a cover letter from Chairman
Wendell Butler requesting that an announcement about the workshops
be noted in the organization's newsletter and that members be
encouraged to attend the workshops. Furthermore, notices were sent
to local news media to inform them about the May workshops. ---
Workshop Format and Objective~
At each workshop, Chairman Butler reviewed the various elements of
the Task Force's study process, as well as the next steps to be
pursued by the Task Force after completion of the workshops. Jan
Garrett (Vice-Chairman of the Task Force and Chairman of the
SubCo~tmittee to Assist with the Citizen Workshops) discussed the
objectives and the format of the workshop. The objectives of the
workshop were: (1) to share information about the process followed
by the Citizen Task Force as they examined alternative election
procedures; (2) to educate citizens about information obtained by
the Task Force during its Fact-Finding efforts; and (3) to obtain
citizen comments about specific questions involving the City's
current at-large election system and alternative election systems.
Wayne Striokland (Executive Director of the 5th PDC and staff to
the Task Force) provided an overview of the Fact-Finding phase of
the Task Force's work effort.
The workshop followed a small group "brainstorming" format. A
facilitato~ prompted the citizens to respond to the four specific
questions, while a recorder wrote the response from each citizen.
The four questions asked of citizens were: (1) What do you like
about the current at-large system?; (2) What do you dislike about
the current at-large system?; (3) What actions could be taken to
improve the current at-large system?; and (4) If the at-large
system were dropped, what election system would you like to see in
its place and why?
26
Following the conclusion of the small group session, the
facilitator reviewed responses to each question to ensure that each
response was recorded correctly. A total of thirty-one (31)
citizens attended the four workshops (some citizens attended more
then one workshop).
Summary of Key Issues
Following is a summary of the key issues brought out in response to
the four questions presented to workshop participants. These
issues are outlined under each specific question posed.
S,,m-ar¥ of Key Issues for the Question -- What do you like about
the current at-large system?
Promotes a city-wide perspective and unity within the City
Council; it prevents divisions within the City (by not
creating artificial boundaries).
* Candidates learn the needs of all communities in the City and
campaign city-wide, and candidates represent all people.
* The at-large system is a simple, understandable election
system for voters.
* Encourages better quality of candidates and voters have a
better knowledge of all candidates.
Summary of Key Issues for the Question --What do you dislike about
the cu£rent at-large system?
Individuals may not be able to run for Council because of: (1)
the cost of campaigning, and (2) the problem of campaigning
door-to-door in a large city.
Candidates do not visit neighborhoods when campaigning and do
not maintain on-going contact with neighborhoods after they
are elected.
Council members are generally from the same area of the City
and are not aware of the problems in other sections of the
City (they ars not representative of all sections of the
city).
Lack of accountability of Council members to the people.
Voter (an4 citizen) apathy -- lac~ of citizen participation.
Citizens do not know when Council meetings are held -- Council
meeting times are inconvenient for citizens.
27
S,:.~ary of Key Issues for the Question -- What
taken to improve the current at-large system?
* Council members should visit neighborhoods
after elections.
actions could be
more
regularly
Council should establish neighborhood advisory groups to
obtain diversity of opinions on issues.
~ncourage more citizens to vote and encourage greater citizen
· nvolvement in neighborhoods.
Council should establish more acceptable meeting times to
allow working citizens to attend Council meetings; Council
should also provide greater publicity for Council meetings.
Limit the number of terms that Council members may serve and
reduce the length of term in office.
Make Council members more accountable to voters -- a system
for evaluating Council should be established.
Limit campaign expenditures.
Sum~ry of Key Issues for the Question -- If the at-large system
were dropped, what would you like to see in its place and why?
* Modified ward system for better representation, more
accountability and more accessibility (better "checks and
balances,,).
Following the conclusion of the four workshops, the SubCommittee
reviewed the material discussed and prepared a summary of the
comments provided by citizens. This reDort was shared with the
Task Force and was also mailed to each member of the City Council.
28
PHASE IV -- TASK FORC~ RECOMMENDATIONS TO CITY COUNCIL
The last phase of the Task Force's study effort was to prepare
final recommendations to City Council. To this point, Task Force
members had the opportunity to hear from practitioners,
academicians, and Roanoke citizens about the advantages and
disadvantages of alternative election systems. During their five
months of research, Task Force members were given much material to
read and evaluate. They had the opportunity to become very
knowledgeable about various aspects of electoral change. Using the
knowledge gained from months of discussions about various election
systems, they were asked to decide what election system would best
serve the interests Of the citizens of Roanoke City.
The decision on the recommendation was pursued in the following
way. Chairman Butler stated that the Chair would entertain a
motion on a final recommendation to City Council. A motion was
made and seconded that the following recommendations be presented
to City Council:
#1
#2
#4
The Mayor should continue to be elected at-large.
The Vice-Mayor should be elected at-large.
The size of the City Council should be expanded to 9 members.
If a modified ward system is chosen, 6 Council members should
be elected by wards, and 3 Council members (including the
Mayor and Vice Mayor) should be elected at-large.
Each member of the Task Force had an opportunity to discuss their
individual perspective on why these recommendations should or
should not be approved and presented to City Council. Chairman
Butler recognized that there might not be unanimous agreement on
the motion. He felt that, for the record, the opinions of both the
proponents of the motion and opponents to the motion should be
included in the final report.
When the Chairman called for the vote on the proposed modified ward
system, six (6) members voted in favor of adopting the modified
ward system al presented and eight (8) members voted against the
~odifiedward syst~esae presented. Since the motion to approve the
modified ~faFd system failed, the recommendation to maintain the
current at-large election system would be the fecundation to be
taken to City Council.
29
Following is the individual response of each Task Force member to
the motion. It is divided into two groups: (1) the "ayes" --
those who favored adoption of the proposed modified ward system;
and (2) the "nays" -- those who were against the proposed modified
ward system.
The "Ayes" -- The Perspective of those who Favored Adoption of tho
Proposed Modified Ward Systam
Ware
I favor the modified ward system basically for the
following reason. I think everybody around this
table, if they chose to run for elected office in
the current at-large system, could put together a
good campaign and probably win. My concern is for
people in southeast and parts of northwest that
don't have the money and professional degrees to
compete effectively as a candidate and win in an
at-large system. I don't like the idea of someone
giving me anything. I like the idea of being able
to run for office on my merits, but I have to
become less selfish when I think about how the at-
large system can lock some people out of running
for office.
In this town not everyone can run for Council and
win -- they don't have the money. We talk about
racial tension, and that is what you will have if
you continue to lock out candidates from the
northwest section of the City. Race relations
aren't going to improve with an at-large system.
I have thought much about the at-large system after
the recent election. The new Mayor is not even in
office and already there is talk about fighting him
on the proposed economic summit. So I don't know
how much cohesiveness is gained from the current
at-large system. I have seen there are a lot of
personal attitudes that go along with an at-large
council. For me, I would rather keep the at-large
system, but for the larger community, I feel the
modified ward system would better address their
needs.
! fe~l, people seem to think that when you mention a
ward system you specifically talk about the needs
of black citizens. I feel we need to look at the
needs of the people in southeast Roanoke. Those
people should feel they have a voice in the City
about such issues as economic development and new
Jobs. I have no doubt that black candidates can be
elected at-large, but in my opinion the at-large
system is locking some folks out of the process and
3O
that is not what the Constitution is suppose to be
about. The election system has got to give all
citizens the chance to voice their opinions about
neighborhood problems. They must have a voice on
Council to ensure that their concerns about drugs
and crime are heard. A change in the election
system may also help to smooth racial tensions.
For these reasons, I am in favor of adopting the
motion.
Firebaugh
My attention to the activities of this body has
been less than 100%, more like 40% because I think
I came on board as one of the only outspoken
committed people to the modified ward system.
have not heard anything during the group's
discussion to change my mind and did not expect to.
Everything has been laid out fine and it has been
an extremely objective process. We have had
testimonies from many experts, including citizens.
We have heard arguments both pro and con and I
would like to thank and congratulate everyone who
ham participated and hope it will continue.
I will speak in support of the motion, but not from-
the point of view of the testimony that we have
taken and the opinions I have heard from the
sparsely attended workshops. You have to
understand that for people to speak about a change
in the system, they have to presume that the words
are going to lead to some sort of effective action.
I think that at this point in the City's history
many people are not speaking out because they are
unwilling to fight City Hall.
I have been involved from a practical and partisan
standpoint in City politics and to some degree I
have a personal interest as far aa supplemental
income from City politics. I have watched City
politics carefully since 1976 when the unified
Roanoke Forward team swept into office. They
deserved to sweep the election because they had the
candidates and had the organization to win. Hut
ever since that time we have been in a reactive
mode to some degree. _
I think many people feel that since the 1976
election, decisions on Council have been pretty
much cut and dry. Most Council votes are 7-0 and
there doesn't seem to be much people can say about
Council decisions. If you look at the election
results from 1978 on, you'll see the type of
candidates elected have tended to be more reactive.
31
Some candidates have been successful and some have
not. But overall their success at the polls, based
on their platforms, has not been translated into
public policy. I think many people feel that
candidates, once elected, have not met their
expectations as to why they were elected. I'll
cite one specific example. A very real threat to
the future growth of this community and its
businesses is flood control. We all went through
that damaging flood of 1985 and it is in the works
now that this issue is going to be addressed. But
if you look at the bond referendum that took place
in April 1989, there was a low voter turnout on
this critical issue and one thing that was striking
about that was the nature of financing.
The financing of those bonds would come from a 20%
increase in the utility tax. Now, who among us
would say it is not a worthy cause, but then who
among us would not see that people on low or fixed
incomes, knowing that having utilities is a
necessity, could have grounds for concern. One
idea I have considered in trying to explain the low
voter turnout was that a great segment of the
community felt that they were not represented. '--
Council, without dissent, accepted the City
Manager's recommendation about the bond financing.
Not that people disagreed about the objective, all
of us wanted it, but the means for financing
improvements was something that concerned low
income people. In those areas most affected by the
1985 flood, specifically the southeast, northeast
and northwest areas, 10 out of 11 of those
precincts voted against the bond referendum. The
idea I am trying to get across is that despite the
problems citizens in this area had with flooding,
they were not in a financial position to support
the bond referendum. Council members did not seem
to understand that these people could not support
flood reduction for industries near the river since
it would mean that they would have less money to
pay for necessities. My point is I don't think
there was any question about the need for flood
control, but the people in southeast, northeast and
northwest did not feel that Council was really
considering there needs when the bond referendum
decision was made.
As I said, this is just one example, but it is
clear that citizens want more input when Council is
making an important decision, such as the bond
referendum for flood control. If a modified ward
32
system had been in place at that time, citizens
would have had a way to give their input and maybe
there would have been more discussion on how to pay
for flood control. People would have felt that
their interests were being looked after. So the
motion for a modified ward system, I feel, is very
attractive.
In regard to the issue of a modified ward causing
divisiveness, I disagree. To say that because
people disagree on an issue, this leads to
divisiveness is to simple. People should be
willing to agree that it is OK to disagree on
issues when there are several points of view to be
considered. Otherwise, how can a group of people
ever come up with an acceptable answer that looks
at all points of view. Counties in Virginia are
organized through magisterial districts which is
like a ward system. You might say that Roanoke
County has a pure ward system. I have not seen
where counties suffer much more divisiveness than
other communities. If you can believe the National
Association of Counties and Virginia Association of
Counties, it appears that counties continue to
progress even though they have ward systems. --
So, I would just say that from what I have
experienced in the trenches that the City would be
much better off to have a system that empowers
people to participate in government through better
representation, rather than a system where people
are discouraged from participating. I speak in
support of the motion as presented and see no
reason to change my original opinion about the need
for a modified ward system for Roanoke.
Jo~ee
AS I offered the motion, I would support the motion
of adopting the 6/3 modified ward system for
electing City Council members in the City. Being a
native of the City and being a minority, I find the
cu£rent system grossly unfair in that it isolates
certain areas of ~ae City, and doesn't fairly offer
the opportunity to be elected to a seat on City
Council.
There is isolation in this City due to income and
status in community. There is isolation based on
race. There are a number of drawbacks to the
current at-large system that result in some
citizens not having an equal voice in Council
decisions. Speakers have come before us and
mentioned that the as-large system fosters a false
33
sense of cohesiveness among Council members.
Although there are currently two minority members
on the Council, I still don't feel that I am fully
and adequately represented as a minority and ~ am
sure there are many in my neighborhood and in the
City that feel the same way. I feel that the voice
of minority members on Council is moderated to
satisfy the larger constituency, which would be the
numerical majority of population in the City of
Roanoke.
Having lived away from the City for 13 years and in
a place where there was a ward system, I found the
members of that City Council to be much more in
tune with their constituents and to the
neighborhood that each individual ward member
represented. I discovered that a ward system, or a
modified ward system, provides an environment for
greater political participation and more contests
for seats on City Council. I found that a ward
system also spurs a great deal more interest in
City elections from citizens.
t feel that the current at-large system is
exclusive rather than inclusive of all citizens-
within the City. I think that for the City of
Roanoke to continue with the at-large system is
inviting legal challenge. The recent election
demonstrates that the minority community in the
City of Roanoke is unable to elect a representative
of their choice which goes against the spirit of
the Voting Rights Act. Clearly the minority
representative of choice in the recent election,
Renee Anderson, was rejected by the larger majority
community and therefore did not win a seat on
Council. For better or worse, Ms. Anderson has
demonstrated numerically and statistically that she
was in fact the choice of the minority community.
As to the concern expressed about the costs
associated with expanding the number seats of
Council, I think it is a small price for the City
to pay for fair representation. I think that we
need to encourage, and by any means possible, youth
to become involved in the governmental system.
think the modified ward system would enhance the
opDortunity for younger people to participate in
the political process. I personally would prefer
another version of the modified ward system but I
am willing to compromise and accept the 6 ward/3
at-large distribution of Council seats.
34
I would like to further state that the modified
ward system has bi-partisan support. The fact that
the modified ward system is favored by both the
League of Women Voters and the NAACP should not be
ignored.
Smith
The modified ward system would be a good chance to
carry government to the people in a way that it
hasn't been before. You know that in an at-large
election everyone has a chance to vote, but when
the Council person votes, he doesn't feel the need
to tell all City residents what his vote is about.
In the case of a modified ward system, the Council
member would be more responsible to the community
and would carry the message back to constituents
loud and clear. In an at-large system there are
more people that don't know what is going on or
haven't heard what is going on simply because
nobody has the time to go back and explain
decisions to citizens. The at-large system
provides a good way for a Council person to be
elected by everybody but to have no accountability
to anyone in particular. In a ward system th~
Council member is accountable to those who elected
him and citizens in that ward have a chance to work
with their Council member to make them accountable
and make them come back to talk to them. This is
the only way you are ever going to have
accountability in Roanoke City government. Mr.
Chairman I am in favor of the motion.
Rothe
Like Mr. Camper I came here thinking I really
didn't want to see a change, although the Council
member that chose me for this Task Force had
expressed concern about wanting more community
involvement with City Council or direct involvement
with the people.
The Councilman, more or less, indicated that a ward
syetam or something of that nature would be of some
interest to him. So, I feel an obligation to a
certain extent to consider the Councilman's
feelings. I like the ward system because it does
provide for more direct involvement by the people,
but ! am concerned that there might be some racial
issues created by a ward system and unless I hear a
convincing argument one way or another, I am really
undecided at this point. I feel like I am sitting
on a jury that has to make a decision and it is
going to take some additional discussion.
35
Buk~er
My concern is for the future generations of
registered voters in the City. We don't know what
the future holds, and I think it would be better
if we had the option of going to a modified ward
system. That is the reason I voted for the motion.
The "Mays" -- The Perspective of those who were Against the
Adoption of the Pro~osed Modified Ward System
Harris
One concern I have about the motion is that we have
heard from two or three of our speakers that if the
City went to a modified ward system, it would be
better to have only one seat difference between
those members elected by wards and those elected
at-large (i.e., 4 wards/3 at-large, 5 wards/4 at-
large, etc.). But, I also understand that the
Subcommittee could not devise a plan that would
have any less than 6 wards because of need to
ensure adequate minority representation in wards.
It concerns me that two-thirds of City Council
would be elected by wards.
Another other concern is the cost to be incurred
the City to expand the size of the Council.
My last concern is what would be the motivation for
a person to run for the two at-large seats, outside
of the Mayor's ~osition, when they could run in a
ward and have the same voting ~ower on Council. It
might be difficult to find two candidates who would
be willing to incur the large expense to run for
the at-large seats when they could run in one-sixth
of the City (i.e., in one ward) and have the same
voting power on Council. '
I have the same concerns aa expressed by Reverend
Harris. Another concern is that our City, in my
Opinion, ia a very nice city and I would hate to
See something that would cause racial divisions. I
feel now that the benefits of the at-large system
outweighs the modified ward system in my opinion.
I'm of the opinion that if there is a problem then
we need to address the problem. I am not sold on
the fact that a problem actually exists in terms of
the idea that the current at-large system is more
unequal to the black Dopulation and black
candidates than it is to the white population and
white candidates. I have been there, and it is no
36
Throckmor ton
picnic for anybody. I think that the City of
Roanoke has in previous years, and in this past
election, shown fairness and equality through the
electoral procedure that is in place now.
I am very concerned that once a change in our
electoral system is made, there will be no going
back. I think it would be nice to try a modified
ward system on a test basis to see how it would
work and to see if it would be better. Just
because a ward system did not work well in
Richmond, doesn't mean it would not work here, or
just because it worked in Richmond doesn't mean it
would work here. It would be nice to have the
opportunity to test it out and then if it did not
work have the option to go back, but we will not
have that option and that concerns me.
I'm also very concerned about anything that will
further divide the City or the neighborhoods. From
the scenario maps I have seen here, I see real
weird things happening in both black and white
communities (i.e., with the ward boundaries). I
think that a modified ward system could further
deteriorate the cohesiveness Of the citizens of th~
City. I think that in different ways, we have had
enough things to come between and to separate the
northeast, northwest, southeast and southwest
sections of the City. That is a very strong
concern of mine.
I am also concerned about the negative reports that
came from the speakers who have a ward and/or
modified ward system. This goes back to my initial
comment, if its not a real problem, I would hate to
see us take the chance at further dividing the
community and people. I'm not blind enough to
think that racial inequality does not exist in the
City. I think it does in more areas then I
rsalize, but ! think that there ars some other less
destructive type things to try first before we try
something Of this magnitude. I guess the bottom
line is that in my understanding of what has been
presented and what I have read, I would not be in
favor of the motion as stated.
I'm convinced that some of the issues that called
for this subject to be discussed to begin with are
valid and I realize that there are a lot of
apparent problems with any system you have. I
guess my main concern goes back to economics.
Regardless of what is done, it is going to be at
the taxpayers' expense -- that is the bottom line.
37
urbanaki
I want to know if the people who are being
represented are getting a good deal for their
money.
I don't know what all of the financial
ramifications of changing the electoral system
might be on the City. I don't know what the costs
would be in terms of salaries if the Council is
expanded, but regardless of whatever it cost to
implement and operate a new election system, you
can rest assured it is going to be passed along to
the citizens and community. I would certainly want
to make sure that citizens are getting good value
for their money, or they felt like the money it was
costing to implement a new system was benefitting
them through good representation. If that is the
issue, then maybe I could go along with it. But I
don't think we can spend enough money to resolve
all the individual problems.
Some of the problems I heard raised could be
addressed through means other than implementing a
modified ward system. I have not heard anything
that made me fully believe the kind of money it
would take to convert to and implement a new
election system would really benefit the people
without costing them a tremendous amount of money.
I have thought about this issue a lot. I spent an
entire year of my life studying this issue. My
thesis in college was entitled "The Effect of
Progressive Municipal Reforms on the Urban Black
Population: A Case Study of Richmond". I think we
are very fortunate to live in Roanoke under Mayor
Taylor. We have been blessed by his tenure in the
8 years I have been here. Roanoke has come a long
way. We have been spared the problems that
Richmond and Norfolk have had.
! think Mr. Ware is right on the money when he says
that jobs ara an essential issus to what we are
talking about. I think economic development is the
major issue as far as I am concerned. I think
bringing Jobs to Roanoke is -one of the most
important things to consider. I don't believe,
however, that voting for a modified ward system is
going to cure the problems of poverty. I don't
think the proposed system is going to do anything
to help alleviate that problem. In fact, given
what we have heard from some of the speakers about
the potential for increased divisiveness from a
system in which Council will be dominated by
38
persons elected in a ward setting, a change to a
modified ward system may lead to divisiveness on
Council and more fragmentation. It could also lead
to employers and/or businessmen looking for places
other than Roanoke in which to place their
businesses and may cause us to lose jobs.
I'd like for Roanoke to be the kind of place where
my children aren't going to leave and look for
better employment opportunities elsewhere. I want
my children to stay in Roanoke, grow up and raise
their families here. For that reason, I am in
favor of maintaining the current at-large system.
The recent election demonstrates that we have an
electorate that, I think, feels fortunate to live
here. I think the election of Mac McCadden is a
great thing for Roanoke. I also think that with
the at-large system in Roanoke, given the
pgpulation and demographics we have, there is no
indication that black citizens are under-
represented on Council, just by the numbers.
Now, I have another issue which concerns me a great
deal a~out the particular proDosal that we hav~
before us. The proposal calls for the increase in
Council size from 7 members to 9 members, which
allows for 2 predominantly black wards. Just
looking at it on a very superficial level, it
appears that we might perhaps institutionalize a
decrease in minority representation by increasing
the size of Council. Right now we have 2 Of the 7
on Council who are minority members. I am
concerned that the Justice Department in Washington
may not look Out for the best interests of all the
citizens of Roanoke. That is, the Justice
Department will be looking out for their own
bureaucratic interests, because in my experience
that is exactly what they do. I am very concerned
that the Justice Department will say no to our
proposal and do what they want. Politically, I am
concerned that if we moved from 2 minorities out of
7 to 2 minorities out of 9 that it may motivate
some bureaucrats in Washington to oppose our system
and imDose'their own system. I am concerned abou~
that.
I share Reverend Harris' concerns about exactly
what role that third councilman elected at-large
would have. Is that person intended to be a super
councilman? That person would have to have
significant financial support to run throughout the
entire City, yet has only the same vote as a ward
39
member. I am concerned we may not attract
candidates to run for that third at-large seat. I
am concerned about supporting any change in the
election system where may cause a $200,000 increase
in the budget for the City of Roanoke to pay for
expanding the size of Council.
Going back to my concern about the Justice
Department doing what they want to do in regard to
Roanoke's election system, I ask you to reflect
back on what Mr. Pates, Attorney for
Fredericksburg, said about the problems they
encountered in changing their election system. I
hear what Mr. Ware is saying about poverty and
problems with political participation and he is
exactly right. I think people are more
disenfranchised by poverty than anything else. I
don't think the present proposal is going to do
anything to improve race relations in Roanoke. I
share the view of Mr. Goodwin that if it is not
broke, don't fix it. I am in favor of keeping the
at-large system.
Garrett
A lot of my points have already been covered. I a~-
not going to reiterate them except to say that the
fact that we have the "correct percentage of
minorities" on Council now may be statistically
factual, but it is also true that we have heard
from people who don't feel that have a voice and
don't have access to City leaders. That is the
most disturbing thing I heard during all of the
workshops.
However, as upset as that issue makes me, I have to
wonder about the number of people who share that
feeling. Even though I think that if there is one
person who does not feel represented that is
something to worry about, I also look at the
turnout at the workshops and feel that the turnout
was Somewhat "underwhelming-. Experience shows us
that people who have a complaint are obviously more
vocal and will come out and talk about it -- not
many people showed up to talk about changing the
election system.
The reasons I heard at workshops from people who
were not happy with the at-large system were, in my
mind, not necessarily related to the method of
electing the Council members. I guess what I am
saying is I'm not sure that changing the system
would satisfy some of the complaints I heard. But,
the most important reason to me for not changing
4O
the current at-large system is I truly believe that
we have been blessed to live in an area that
possesses somewhat relative racial harmony. I
think if we make this change in the election
system, from which we can never turn back, we will
see race pitted against race and class pitted
against class in a way we have not experienced
before and in a way I don't want us to experience.
I hope we can come up with some plan, and I don't
know exactly what it is. However, I don't think
the answer is to change the at-large system.
I seconded the motion on the floor and stick by my
second. I am in favor of the modified ward system.
Basically why I am for the modified ward system
comes from my experience as a Dean at Patrick Henry
High School. I was from the southeast area and
when the kids from southeast realized that they had
a representative on the faculty, these kids became
more involved in school activities.
Since working with the civic league in the
southeast area, I have talked with a lot of people
and they have said the same thing Onzlee said --
people from southeast don't have representationj
and the City doesn't care about us. we need
representation on Council and we could get
representation if candidates from southeast had the
finances to run at-large. But you don't find too
many people that can afford do this. For this
reason, I feel that a modified ward system would be
the way to go.
I share Steve's feeling about the distribution of
ward versus at-large seats on Council. Even though
I was on the Subcommittee that recommended
increasing the size of Counoil, 9 is not what I
would have liked to have seen, but the majority of
the SubCommittee favored this number so I went
along with it. I think I would like to have seen 7
members like it is now and worked out a 4 ward/3
at-large system.
The City needs more representation for the
nort%hwest and southeast sections. I know that when
! spoke at Villa Heights two weeks ago for the
Neighborhood Partne=ship, one of the things that
bothered them was the City had forgotten them and
didn't care about the drugs and crime in their
area. I think that if they had a representative
from the area, someone they could talk to like the
students at Patrick Henry had, they would feel
the~e is someone listening to them.
41
Camper
I came into this process looking at leaving the
system as it is now. I have probably changed my
mind a dozen times about changing the system, but I
am still in favor of leaving the at-large system
the way it is. If I put a lot of weight on citizen
comments provided at the workshops we had, where we
had a total of 31 people show up, I would think
that we would need to give some consideration to
the modified ward system. If there would have been
more people attending the workshops, it Would have
carried more weight with me, but at this point I
would like to leave the election system as it is.
Other Recommendations Proposed by the Task Fore-
Term Limitations
Several Task Force members expressed concern about the issue of
term limitations on Council. It was noted that this issue was
brought up at several of the workshops. On a motion by a Task
Force member and seconded, the Task Force was asked to consider
recommending term limitations on City Council. The rationale was
that this would help to address the concerns presented at the
workshops by allowing ventilation on Council, new persons to com~
on board, and allow persons to run for open seats and not face an
entrenched incumbent.
Many Task Force members stated that term limitations would have
appeal in either a modified ward system or in an at-large system.
If the Task Force would recommend term limitations, this would
create greater opportunities for new persons to run and have a
better chance to serve on Council. This would help to enhance
better representation throughout the City.
The Task Force agreed that they would recommend term limitations.
At this point, discussion moved to the type of term limitations to
be recommended to Council. After much discussion, it was agreed by
a vote of eight (8) in favor with two (2) abstentions (four members
were not present during this vote) that the Task Force would
recommend the following to Council:
It is reccmMnded that a Council member serve only three
consecutive, 4-year terms, except if the Council member decides to
run and lo e~ected'-es #a~or, then al Aayor he/she can serve three
consecutive 4-year terms in this position. AXter serving three
consecutive terms es &uyor, a cafldid~te can run again for Council
and cea serve another three consecutive, 4-year terms on Council.
42
Creation of Another Citizen Task Force in the Year 2000 to
Reexamine the Issue of an Alternative Election System for Roanoke
City
The Task Force held a general discussion about the possibility of
the City reexamining the issue of an alternative election system in
the future. Although the majority of Task Force members felt that
the at-large system was currently meeting the needs of Roanoke
residents, there was the potential for conditions to change over
the years; perhaps, requiring a change in the election system
sometime in the future. A motion was made, seconded and approved
that the Task Force recommend the following to City Council:
It is recommended that another Task Force be apDoin2ed in the year
2000, or sooner if the need arises, to study the election system
issue to see if the at-large system is still serving the needs of
the citizens of Roanoke.
Other Issues Discussed by the Task Force
The Issue of Neighborhood Advisory Councils
Another issue which was discussed at some of the citizen workshops"
involved setting up neighborhood advisory councils to provide
neighborhood input to City Council. By establishing neighborhood
advisory councils, citizens would feel that they have an "official"
conduit through which they can pass their concerns to Council. The
advisory councils would also serve as a sounding board for Council
members and a mechanism to disseminate information about the
time/location of Council meetings as well as items to be discussed
on the Council agenda. The Task Force decided not to present this
issue as a recommendation to Council, but to highlight it in this
report and to request that Chairman Butler note this issue in his
presentation to City Council.
The Issue of Task Force Members including Personal Statements as a
part of the Final Re~x~rt to City Council
Some Task Force members felt that they might want to develop a
personal statement as to why they voted the way they did on the
issue of the change in the current election system. It was noted
that the s&l~ary statements provided earlier in this report may not
cover all issues of concern to individual Task Force members. By
developing a personal statement, each Task Force member would have
a greater opportunity to fully express their opinions. Chairman
Butler stated' that the personal statements of Task Force members
could be included as an attachment to the final report.
43
WILBURN C. OlBMNG, JR.
CITY ATTORNEY
CITY OF ROANOKE
OFFICE OF CITYATTORNEY
464 MUNICIPAL BUILDING
215 CHURCH AVENUE SW
ROANOKE, VIRGINIA 24011-1595
February 8, 1995
WILLIAM X PARSONS
STEVEN J. TALEVI
KATHLEE, N MARIE KRONAU
GLADYS L. YATES
The Honorable Mayor and Members
of City Council
Roanoke, Virginia
Re: Modified election district system
Dear Mayor Bowers and Council Members:
Council Member Wyatt has requested that I make available to
you the enclosed motion, relating to a referendum on the issue of
election of City Council members under a modified election district
system, which she intends to make at the Council meeting of
February 13, 1995. For your information, I am also enclosing my
report of August 8, 1994, on the same subject and the report of the
Citizens Task Force to Study Alternative Election Procedures for
Roanoke City Council, dated July 13, 1992.
I hope that this information will prove useful to you as you
consider this important public issue.
With kindest personal regards, I am
Sincerely yours,
Wilburn C. Dibling, Jr.
City Attorney
WCD:f
Enclosures
/
cc: W/Robert Herbert, City Manager
v~4ary F. Parker, City Clerk
GARY M. BOWMAN
ATTORNEY AT LAW, P.C.
P.O. BOX 2223
145 W. CAMPBELL AVENUE, SUITE 401
ROANOKE, VIRGINIA 24009
TELEPHONE (703) 343-'/949
FACSIMILE (703) 343-~892
March 13, 1995
Ms. Mary Parker
City Clerk, city of Roanoke
315 W. Church Avenue
Roanoke, virginia 24016
Re= Transmlttal of Letter in Support of Modified
Ward System
Dear Ms. Parker:
Enclosed is a letter to the members of City Council
expressing my support for the modified ward system. It is my
understanding that council will consider matters relating to a
proposed modified ward system at its meeting tonight. Please
include my letter in the record of the meeting so that council
may consider it.
If you have any questions about this matter, please call me.
Sincerely,
Gary M. Bowman
GMB:gb
Encl
GarY M. BOWMAN
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
P.O. BOX 2223
145 W, CAMPBELL AVENUE, SUITE 401
ROANOKE. VIRGINIA 24009
TELEPHONE {703) 343-794g
FACBIMILE (703) 343-9892
March 13, 1995
Members of city Council
City of Roanoke
315 W. Church Avenue
Roanoke, Virginia 24016
Re: Modified Ward System
Dear Members of city Council:
The purpose of this letter is to express my support for a
modified ward system for Roanoke City and to urge you to support
a referendum on a modified ward system. I read in Saturday's
newspaper that a majority of Council does not support a modified
ward system for Roanoke city, but I hope that you will reconsider
your opinion.
Regardless of your personal opinion about whether a modified
ward system should be adopted, there is broad support for the
modified ward approach which has continued throughout the 1990s
and which transcends party lines. In 1991, Robert Firebaugh, a
former chairman of the Democratic city committee, suggested a
modified ward system to City Council. Following Firebaugh's
suggestion, the Roanoke City Republican Committee appointed a
study group to investigate the modified ward system. Following
its study, the Republican City Committee adopted a resolution
endorsing a modified ward system. The leaders of the Republican
committee met with the leaders of the NAACP and the two groups
jointly asked City Council to consider a modified ward system.
The Republican study group published the enclosed op-ed piece in
The Roanoke Times & World News, which caused media attention to
be focused on the issue. Following that, city Council appointed
a commission to study the modified ward approach, but the
commission did not include the individuals who were the most
vocal proponents of the ward system. As one could have expected,
based upon the commission's composition, the commission
recommended in 1992 that the city electoral system remain
unchanged. Despite that setback, the citizen movement toward a
modified ward system has continued. In July 1994, ten people
Members of City Council
March 13, 1995
Page Two
from three of the city's four quadrants asked council to adopt a
modified ward system and citizens spoke in favor of a modified
ward system in September 1994.
Members of the city council who were elected under the
current at-large system appear to be both arrogant and
unresponsive when they reject consideration of the modified ward
approach. Members of council appear arrogant because their
refusal to embrace change is a tacit statement that council would
not be better if different members were elected. Members of
council appear unresponsive because support for a change clearly
exists. The citizens of Roanoke deserve to decide for themselves
whether a modified ward system should be adopted or rejected.
city Council should not be the gatekeeper to change on this
issue--the citizens of Roanoke should decide this isue at the
polls.
Sincerely,
Gary M. Bowman
GMB:gb
Encl
COMMENTARY
REPUBUCAN PRINCIPLES
Small wards would empower Roanokers -~
By GARY M BOWMAN,
C JAMES WILLIAMS III
and WILLIAM G. FRALIN JR.
ON FEB. 5, the Roanoke City Republican
The essence of ward politics is
political decentralization, putting
city legislators in direct contact
with a small group of
constituents. Government can
be responsive to the people's
needs only if politicians are
close enough to their
constituents to hear their
concerns.